| MHT | mixed hemagglutination test |
|---|---|
| MIF | macrophage inhibitory factor; melanocyte[-stimulating hormone]-inhibiting factor; maximum inspirator... |
| MLI | mesiolinguoincisal; mixed lymphocyte interaction |
| MLL | mixed lineage leukemia |
| MLLT1 | mixed lineage leukemia translocated to 1 |
| genes, wilms' tumour | Tumour suppressor genes located in the 11p13 region on the short arm of human chromosome 11. The absence of these genes is associated with the formation of wilms' tumour. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| receptors, tumour necrosis factor | Cell surface receptors that bind tumour necrosis factor and trigger changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The two recognised tumour necrosis factor receptors are designated alpha and beta receptors. Both receptors bind both alpha and beta tumour necrosis factors with high affinity, and both are members of the nerve growth factor receptor family. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Recklinghausen's tumour | A small, circumscribed, benign tumour of the genital tract, composed of small glandlike spaces lined by flattened or cuboidal mesothelium-like cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carotid body tumour | An invariably benign, encapsulated, firm round mass at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery, with nests of large polyhedral cells in alveolar or organoid arrangement. It is usually asymptomatic but large masses may encroach upon the parapharyngeal space and produce dysphagia, pain, and cranial nerve palsies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| germ cell tumour | A type of brain tumour. (12 Dec 1998) |
| giant cell tumour | <radiology> Osteoclastoma, GCT, any age, typically 20-35, site: metaphysis into epiphysis, 50% at knee (distal femur, proximal tibia), long bones, patella, spine, eccentric, expansile, with or without soap bubble appearance, treatment: curette, fill with methacrylate, 10% recur, a few are premalignant or malignant, cannot determine malignancy by XR (12 Dec 1998) |
| giant cell tumour of bone | A bone tumour composed of cellular spindle-cell stroma containing scattered multinucleated giant cells resembling osteoclasts. The tumours range from benign to frankly malignant lesions. The tumour occurs most frequently in an end of a long tubular bone in young adults. (12 Dec 1998) |
| giant cell tumour of tendon sheath | A nodule, possibly inflammatory in nature, arising commonly from the flexor sheath of the fingers and thumb; composed of fibrous tissue, lipid-and haemosiderin-containing macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. Synonym: localised nodular tenosynovitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| villous tumour | <tumour> A papilloma composed of slender, finger-like excrescences occurring in the bladder or large intestine, or from the choroid plexus of the cerebral ventricles; villous papilloma's of the colon are usually sessile and frequently become malignant. Synonym: villous tumour. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gleason's tumour grade | A classification of adenocarcinoma of the prostate by evaluation of the pattern of glandular differentiation; the tumour grade, know as Gleason's score, is the sum of the dominant and secondary patterns, each numbered on a scale of 1 to 5. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glomus jugulare tumour | A paraganglioma involving the glomus jugulare, a microscopic collection of chemoreceptor tissue in the adventitia of the bulb of the jugular vein. It may cause paralysis of the vocal cords, attacks of dizziness, blackouts, and nystagmus. It is not resectable but radiation therapy is effective. It regresses slowly, but permanent control is regularly achieved. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glomus tumour | A blue-red, extremely painful paraganglioma involving a glomeriform arteriovenous anastomosis (glomus body), which may be found anywhere in the skin, most often in the distal portion of the fingers and toes, especially beneath the nail. They may also occur in the stomach and nasal cavity. It is composed of specialised pericytes (sometimes termed glomus cells), usually in single encapsulated nodular masses which may be several millimeters in diameter. When located in the usual subungual site, the abundant innervation makes the tumour exquisitely painful; when located elsewhere, the glomus tumour is painless. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pearl tumour | An obsolete term for cholesteatoma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cellular tumour | A tumour composed mainly of closely packed cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cerebellopontine angle tumour | This is a benign tumour of the 8th cranial nerve that affects approximately 1 out of 100,000 people. This tumour arises from the myelin forming Schwann cells that coat the 8th cranial nerve (acoustic nerve). Clinical presentation usually includes hearing deficit. Diagnosis can be made with auditory evoked potentials and/or MRI scanning of the brain. Vertigo and tinnitus may be associated symptoms. Surgical removal of this tumour involves dissection, cautery and obliteration with laser. Causes: acoustic neuroma (90%), meningioma (7%), epidermoid (3%), uncommon: metastasis, trigeminal neuroma, arachnoid cyst, aneurysm, vertebro-basilar dolichoectasia (12 Dec 1998) |