| V-ONC | viral oncogene |
|---|---|
| VP | physiological volume; vapor pressure; variegate porphyria; vascular permeability; vasopressin; velop... |
| VPP | vacuolar proton pump; viral porcine pneumonia |
| VRI | viral respiratory infection; virtual reality imaging |
| VRNA | viral ribonucleic acid |
| encephalitis, viral | Inflammation of the brain caused by viruses. When this is caused by encephalitis viruses, a group of arboviruses, it is referred to as epidemic encephalitis (encephalitis, epidemic). Other viruses, including some herpes viruses, also cause viral encephalitis. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| equine viral arteritis | A highly contagious viral disease caused by equine arteritis virus, member of the family Togaviridae, and characterised by a high fever and respiratory and digestive tract signs; the essential lesions involve smaller arteries, with necrosis which may be followed by thrombosis, infarction, haemorrhages, and oedema; abortion is a common result. Synonym: epizootic cellulitis, equine typhoid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| eye infections, viral | Infections of the eye caused by minute intracellular agents. These infections may lead to severe inflammation in various parts of the eye - conjunctiva, iris, eyelids, etc. Several viruses have been identified as the causative agents. Among these are herpes virus, adenovirus, poxvirus, and myxovirus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| feline viral rhinotracheitis | An acute upper respiratory tract infection of cats caused by the feline rhinotracheitis virus; it is frequently fatal in kittens but mild in adults, who sometimes become convalescent carriers of the virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| breast cancer susceptibility genes | Inherited factors that predispose to breast cancer. Put otherwise, these genes make one more susceptible to the disease and so increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Two of these genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified (and prominently publicised). Several other genes (those for the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden disease, Muir-Torre syndrome, and ataxia-telangiectasia) are also known to predispose to breast cancer. However, since all of these known breast cancer susceptibility genes together do not account for more than a minor fraction (1/5th at most) of breast cancer that clusters in families, it is clear that more breast cancer genes remain to be discovered. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cancer, breast, susceptibility genes | Inherited factors that predispose to breast cancer. Put otherwise, these genes make one more susceptible to the disease and so increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Two of these genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified (and prominently publicised). Several other genes (those for the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden disease, Muir-Torre syndrome, and ataxia-telangiectasia) are also known to predispose to breast cancer. However, since all of these known breast cancer susceptibility genes together do not account for more than a minor fraction (1/5th at most) of breast cancer that clusters in families, it is clear that more breast cancer genes remain to be discovered. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genes | Located in the nucleus of the cell, genes contain hereditary information that is transferred from cell to cell. (09 Oct 1997) |
| genes, abl | Retrovirus-associated DNA sequences (abl) originally isolated from the abelson murine leukaemia virus (ab-mulv). The proto-oncogene abl (c-abl) codes for a protein that is a member of the tyrosine kinase family. The human c-abl gene is located at 9q34.1 on the long arm of chromosome 9. It is activated by translocation to bcr on chromosome 22 in chronic myelogenous leukaemia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genes, apc | Tumour suppressor genes located in the 5q21 region on the long arm of chromosome 5. The mutation of these genes is associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (apc stands for adenomatous polyposis coli) and gardner's syndrome, as well as some sporadic colourectal cancers. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genes, arac | Regulatory genes which encode a cyclic AMP receptor protein required for l-arabinose utilization in e. Coli. It is an example of positive control or regulation of gene expression in the bacterial operon. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genes, archaeal | The genetic material of archaea. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genes, bacterial | The genetic material of bacteria. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genes, bcl-1 | The B-cell leukaemia/lymphoma-1 genes, associated with various neoplasms when overexpressed. Overexpression results from the t(11;14) translocation, which is characteristic of mantle zone-derived B-cell lymphomas. The human c-bcl-1 gene is located at 11q13 on the long arm of chromosome 18. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genes, bcl-2 | The B-cell leukaemia/lymphoma-2 genes, responsible for blocking apoptosis in normal cells, and associated with follicular lymphoma when overexpressed. Overexpression results from the t(14;18) translocation. The human c-bcl-2 gene is located at 18q24 on the long arm of chromosome 18. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genes, BRCA1 | Tumour suppressor genes located on human chromosome 17q12-21. The mutation of these genes is associated with the formation of familial breast and ovarian cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |