| enzyme precursor | <biochemistry> Inactive precursors that can be converted to active enzymes. Enzyme precursors containing extra-long polypeptide chains that block activity are activated by acid or enzymatic hydrolysis to remove the inhibiting portion. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| enzyme reactivator | <biochemistry> Compounds which restore enzymatic activity by removing an inhibitory group bound to the reactive site of the enzyme. (12 Dec 1998) |
| enzyme regulation | <biochemistry> Control of the rate of a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme by some effector (e.g., inhibitors or activators) or by alteration of some condition (e.g., pH or ionic strength). (05 Mar 2000) |
| enzyme repression | The interference in synthesis of an enzyme due to the elevated level of an effector substance, usually a metabolite, whose presence would cause depression of the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| enzymes, coenzymes, and enzyme inhibitors | Proteins or RNA that act as biological catalysts, their cofactors, and inhibitors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| enzyme stabilisation | Reducing the chances that an enzyme will inactivate in vitro (see enzyme inactivation) by changing the environmental conditions (such as pH, temperature, concentration of salt, etc.) or by attaching organic groups to it or changing some of its amino acid subunits. (09 Oct 1997) |
| enzyme stability | The extent to which an enzyme retains its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to storage, isolation, and purification or various other physical or chemical manipulations, including proteolytic enzymes and heat. (12 Dec 1998) |
| enzyme-substrate complex | A noncovalent complex of two molecules; often referring to the enzyme-substrate complex in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Compare: central complex, Michaelis complex. Synonym: enzyme-substrate complex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| extracellular enzyme | <enzyme> An enzyme performing its functions outside a cell; e.g., the various digestive enzyme's. Synonym: exoenzyme, lyoenzyme. (05 Mar 2000) |
| yellow enzyme | Any enzyme that possesses a flavin nucleotide as coenzyme; e.g., xanthine oxidase, succinate dehydrogenase. Synonym: yellow enzyme. (05 Mar 2000) |
| UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-lysosomal-enzyme-N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase | <enzyme> Fibroblasts from patients with i-cell (mucolipidosis II) and pseudo-hurler polydystrophy (mucolipidosis III) are deficient in above enzyme; for n-acetylglucosamine transferred to dolichyl phosphate see EC 2.7.8.15 Registry number: EC 2.7.8.17 Synonym: udpgnac gp gnac phosphotransferase, udpgnac phosphotransferase, uridine 5'-diphosphate-n-acetylglucosamine glycoprotein n-acetylglucosaminylphosphotransferase, n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase, n-agapt, udp-n-acetylglucosamine-lysosomal glycoprotein n-acetylglucosaminylphosphotransferase, udp-acetylglucosamine-glycoprotein n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosaminyl-1-phosphotransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that participates in the posttranslational modification of a number of lysosomal proteins; a deficiency or defect in this enzyme results in two forms of mucolipidoses, I-cell disease, and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Kornberg enzyme | DNA polymerase I from Escherichia coli. (05 Mar 2000) |
| 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme | <enzyme> In glycogen or amylopectin synthesis, the enzyme that catalyses the transfer of a segment of a 1,4-alpha-glucan chain to a primary hydroxy group in a similar glucan chain. Chemical name: 1,4-alpha-D-Glucan:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 6-alpha-D-(1,4-alpha-D-glucano)-transferase Registry number: EC 2.4.1.18 (12 Dec 1998) |
| liver enzyme | <biochemistry> Special proteins found in the cells of the liver that are responsible for catalysing specific metabolic reactions. They may become elevated in the bloodstream in conditions of hepatitis or liver cancer. See: liver function tests. (27 Sep 1997) |