| alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex | See: alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase. Anaerobic dehydrogenase, an enzyme (usually a pyridinoenzyme) catalyzing the transfer of hydrogen from some metabolite to some acceptor molecule (e.g., NAD+, cytochrome) other than oxygen; e.g., lactate dehydrogenase's, isocitrate dehydrogenase's, and others in EC class 1, excluding those listed under aerobic dehydrogenase. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| alpha-ketoadipate dehydrogenase | <enzyme> X-ketoadipic acid + nad + CoA yields glutaryl-CoA + co(2) + NADH + h Registry number: EC 1.2.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| alpha-ketoarginine decarboxylase | <enzyme> Alpha-ketoarginine gives gamma-guanidinobutyraldehyde Registry number: EC 4.1.1.- Synonym: alpha keto-arginine decarboxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| alpha-ketobutyrate dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Rat liver enzyme oxidatively decarboxylates alpha-ketobutyrate to carbon dioxide and propionyl CoA; requires nad, fad and thiamine pyrophosphate Registry number: EC 1.2.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| alpha-ketodecarboxylase | Formerly, the enzyme system converting pyruvate (a 2-oxoacid) to acetyl-CoA and CO2, with reduction of NAD+ to NADH and the participation of lipoamide and thiamin pyrophosphate; now known to involve at least three enzymes in succession: pyruvate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase, and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase. Compare: pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide). (05 Mar 2000) |
| alpha-ketoglutaramic acid | H2N-COCH2CH2COCOOH;a metabolite of glutamine formed by the action of glutamine aminotransferase; elevated in certain cases of hepatocoma. Synonym: 2-oxoglutaric acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alpha-ketoglutarate | A salt or ester of alpha-ketoglutaric acid. Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, an enzyme that catalyses the oxidative decarboxylation of 2-ketoglutaric acid to succinyldihydrolipoate; the succinyl group is later transferred to CoA and the reduced lipoate is oxidised by NAD+; a complex that is a part of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Synonym: 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex | alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase |
| alpha-ketoglutarate permease | <chemical> From E coli; 432-amino acid protein; amino acid sequence given in first source Synonym: kGTP gene product, wita protein, alpha-ketoglutarate transporter (26 Jun 1999) |
| alpha-ketoisocaproate oxygenase | <enzyme> From rat liver cytosol; oxidatively decarboxylates and hydroxylates alpha-ketoisocaporate to form beta-hydroxyisovalerate; requires fe(2+) and thiol; activated by ascorbate Registry number: EC 1.13.11.- Synonym: 2-ketoisocaproate oxygenase, alpha-ketoisocaproate dioxygenase (26 Jun 1999) |
| alpha-ketosuccinamic acid | NH2-CO-CH2-CO-COOH;the transamination product of asparagine; acted upon by ω-amidase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alpha-l-iduronidase | <enzyme> An enzyme that hydrolyzes terminal desulfated alpha-l-iduronic acid residues of dermatan sulfate and of heparan sulfate; a deficiency of this enzyme is associated with Hurler syndrome and Scheie syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alpha-lactyl-thiamin pyrophosphate | An intermediate formed in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate. Compare: pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide). Synonym: alpha-lactyl-thiamin pyrophosphate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alpha-linolenic acid | <chemical> (z,z,z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid. A fatty acid that is found in plants and involved in the formation of prostaglandins. Chemical name: 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| alpha-macroglobulins | Glycoproteins with a molecular weight of approximately 620,000 to 680,000. Precipitation by electrophoresis is in the alpha region. They include alpha 1-macroglobulins and alpha 2-macroglobulins. These proteins exhibit trypsin-, chymotrypsin-, thrombin-, and plasmin-binding activity and function as hormonal transporters. (12 Dec 1998) |
| testosterone 15-alpha hydroxylase | <enzyme> A haem-thiolate protein (cytochrome p-450) Registry number: EC 1.14.15.- Synonym: cytochrome p-450(15alpha), testosterone 15-alpha monooxygenase, steroid 15-alpha-hydroxylase, cytochrome p-4502a-4, cyp2a-4, cyp2a4 (26 Jun 1999) |
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| testosterone 5-alpha-reductase | <enzyme> Chemical name: 3-Oxo-5 alpha-steroid:(acceptor) delta(4)-oxidoreductase Registry number: EC 1.3.99.5 (12 Dec 1998) |
| TM-1 alpha-fibrinogenase | <enzyme> Isolated from the venom of taiwan habu, trimeresurus mucrosqamatus Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| TM-2 alpha-fibrinogenase | <enzyme> Isolated from the venom of taiwan habu, trimeresurus mucrosquamatus Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| TM-3 alpha-fibrinogenase | <enzyme> Isolated from the venom of taiwan habu, trimeresurus mucrosquamatus Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| endo-1,3-alpha-glucanase | <enzyme> Endohydrolysis of 1,3-alpha-d-glucosidic linkages in isolichenin, pseudonigeran and nigeran; may also be called mutanase, see EC 3.2.1.84 exo-1,3-alpha-glucanase Registry number: EC 3.2.1.59 Synonym: endo-1,3-alpha-d-glucanase, endo-alpha-1,3-glucanase (26 Jun 1999) |
| endo-alpha-D-mannosidase | <enzyme> Catalyses the cleavage of glc(1)man(9)glcnac to yield man(8)glcnac and glcalpha1-3man Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| transforming growth factor alpha | Factor isolated in a variety of tissues including epithelium, and maternal decidua. It is closely related to epidermal growth factor (epidermal growth factor-urogasterone) and binds to the egf receptor. Tgf-alpha acts synergistically with tgf-beta in inducing phenotypic transformation, but its physiological role is unknown. (12 Dec 1998) |
| error, alpha | The statistical error (said to be of the first kind or type I) made in testing an hypothesis when it is concluded that a treatment or intervention is effective when it really is not. Sometimes referred to as a false positive. (12 Dec 1998) |
| estradiol 15 alpha-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of estradiol to 15alpha-hydroxyestradiol Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- Synonym: e15a-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| estradiol 16 alpha-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Cyp2c11 is a male-specific cyp isoform Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- Synonym: 16 alpha-hydroxylase, estrone 16 alpha-hydroxylase, 16alpha-hydroxylase, steroid 16 alpha-hydroxylase, estrone 3-sulfate 16 alpha-hydroxylase, cytochrome p450cmf, cytochrome p450 2c, cytochrome p450iic11, cytochrome p450(ut-a), cytochrome p4502c-rml5, cytochrome p450h, cytochrome p450(male), cytochrome p4502c, cytochrome p450 2c3, cytochrome p450 2c9, oestrogen 16-hydroxylase, cyp2c3 gene product, cyp2c11 gene product, cytochrome p450 2c11, cyp 2d-9, cytochrome p450(tb), cyp2c9, cytochrome p-450(m1), cyp2c11 (26 Jun 1999) |
| ethinylestradiol-17 alpha sulfotransferase | <enzyme> Responsible for the sulphation of 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol; found in human liver cytosol; mol mass 33-kD; not a phenol- or monoamine-sulphating phenolsulphotransferase nor a hydroxysteroid sulphotransferase Registry number: EC 2.8.2.- Synonym: 17 alpha-ethinyloestradiol sulphotransferase, ee(2) st, ee2 st (26 Jun 1999) |
| exo-1,3-alpha-glucanase | <enzyme> For mutanase consider also EC 3.2.1.59, endo-1,3-alpha-glucanase Registry number: EC 3.2.1.84 Synonym: alpha-(1-3)glucan hydrolase, mutanase, alpha-1-3-glucan, 3-glucanohydrolase, s-glucanase, 1,3-alpha-glucanase (26 Jun 1999) |
| exo-1,4-alpha-d-glucosidase | A hydrolase removing terminal alpha-1,4-linked d-glucose residues from nonreducing ends of chains, with release of beta-d-glucose. Synonym: acid maltase, amyloglucosidase, gamma-amylase, glucoamylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| exo-poly-alpha-galacturonosidase | <enzyme> Catalyses the hydrolysis of pectic acid from the non-reducing end releasing digalacturonate Registry number: EC 3.2.1.82 Synonym: pehx gene product, d-galacturonan digalacturonohydrolase, poly-(1-4)-alpha-d-galactosiduronate digalacturonohydrolase, polygalacturonate hydrolase, pehb gene product (26 Jun 1999) |