| activated amino acid | The product formed by the condensation of the acyl radical of an amino acid and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (originally in the form of adenosine 5'-triphosphate, with elimination of a pyrophosphoric group). Formed in the first step of protein biosynthesis. Synonym: activated amino acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| activated carboxylic acid | Derivative of a carboxyl group that is more susceptible to nucleophilic attack than a free carboxyl group; e.g., acid anhydrides, thioesters. (05 Mar 2000) |
| activated fatty acid | A fatty acyl-coenzyme A thiol ester. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acyclic acid | <chemistry> Carboxylic acids that have open-chain molecular structures as opposed to ring-shaped structures. (25 Jun 1999) |
| acyl-CoA-6-aminopenicillanic acid acyltransferase | <enzyme> Acyl CoA and aminopenicillanic acid yield penicillin and CoA Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: 6-apa acyltransferase, 6-aminopenicillanic acid-phenacetyl-CoA-phenoxyacetyl-CoA transferase, acyl-coenzyme a-6-aminopenicillanic acid acyltransferase, isopenicillin n-phenylacetyl-CoA acyltransferase, penicillin acyltransferase, isopenicillin n-phenylacetyl-coenzyme a acyltransferase, acyl-CoA-ipn acyltransferase, isopenicillin n acyltransferase, aat gene product, pende gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| acyl glutamic acid amidohydrolase | <enzyme> Specific for long chain acyl groups such as lauroyl, myristoyl and palmitoyl Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| adenylic acid | A condensation product of adenosine and phosphoric acid; a nucleotide found among the hydrolysis products of all nucleic acids. 3'-Adenylic acid (adenosine 3'-monophosphate) and 5'-adenylic acid (adenosine 5'-monophosphate) differ in the place of attachment of the phosphoric acid to the d-ribose; deoxyadenylic acid differs in having H instead of OH at the 2' position of d-ribose. See: AMP. Synonym: adenine nucleotide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenylic acid deaminase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the deamination of AMP to imp. Chemical name: AMP aminohydrolase Registry number: EC 3.5.4.6 (12 Dec 1998) |
| adenylic acid kinase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the phosphorylation of AMP to ADP in the presence of ATP or inorganic triphosphate. Chemical name: ATP:AMP phosphotransferase Registry number: EC 2.7.4.3 (12 Dec 1998) |
| adenylosuccinic acid | A condensation product of aspartic acid and inosine 5'-monophosphate; an intermediate in the biosynthesis of adenylic acid. Formally, it is adenylic acid with succinic acid replacing an H of the NH2 group, forming a C-N. Synonym: adenylylosuccinic acid, N-succinyladenylic acid. Acronym: sAMP (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenylylosuccinic acid | A condensation product of aspartic acid and inosine 5'-monophosphate; an intermediate in the biosynthesis of adenylic acid. Formally, it is adenylic acid with succinic acid replacing an H of the NH2 group, forming a C-N. Synonym: adenylylosuccinic acid, N-succinyladenylic acid. Acronym: sAMP (05 Mar 2000) |
| adipic acid | Hexanedioic acid;the dicarboxylic acid, HOOC(CH2)4COOH. (05 Mar 2000) |
| agaric acid | Alpha-Hexadecylcitric acid; 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-nonadecanetricarboxylic acid;obtained from agaric and responsible for the anhidrotic action of the mushroom; used as an anhidrotic agent. Synonym: agaricic acid, agaricinic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| agaricic acid | Alpha-Hexadecylcitric acid; 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-nonadecanetricarboxylic acid;obtained from agaric and responsible for the anhidrotic action of the mushroom; used as an anhidrotic agent. Synonym: agaricic acid, agaricinic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| agaricinic acid | Alpha-Hexadecylcitric acid; 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-nonadecanetricarboxylic acid;obtained from agaric and responsible for the anhidrotic action of the mushroom; used as an anhidrotic agent. Synonym: agaricic acid, agaricinic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |