| 영문 | respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) | 한글 | 호흡곤란증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 폐포와 폐모세혈관 사이에 부종으로 인한 확산능 감소로 호흡곤란과 청색증을 보이는 상태로 감염, 수술, 외상 등 모든 종류의 스트레스상황에서 발생할 수 있다. 치료는 선행 요인의 교정과 적절한 혈액내 산소농도 유지이다. |
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| 영문 | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | 한글 | 후천면역결핍증후군, 에이즈 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 인간면역결핍바이러스(HIV)에 의하여 면역 세포가 파괴됨으로써 인체의 면역능력이 극도로 저하되어 병원체에 대하여 무방비 상태에 이르는 병. 에이즈 바이러스의 감염으로 생기며, 1981년 미국에서 처음 보고되었다. 최초 감염으로부터 증상이 나타나기까지는 평균 10년 정도 걸리며 사망률이 대단히 높다. 성적 접촉, 오염 주사기 사용, 오염 혈액 및 혈액 제제 사용, 에이즈 산모로부터 수직감염 따위에 의하여 감염된다. 감염 후 일과성으로 감기와 같은 증상을 보이며 바이러스혈증으로 되지만 바이러스는 감소되고 6~8주 후에는 항체가 양성으로 된다. 6~10년 정도의 무증후성 보균기간을 지나서 에이즈관련증후군(AIDS related syndrome)으로 된다. 저항력의 감소, 림프절비대, 체중감소, 발열, 만성설사가 이어진다. 그 후 에이즈로 되며, 폐포자충폐렴 등의 원충병, 칸디다 등의 진균증, 헤르페스바이러스군 등의 기회감염이 이어진다. 또한 카포시육종, 림프종 등을 병발해서 사망한다. 바이러스의 뇌조직내 증식으로 치매를 일으킬 수도 있다. HIV-1은 10년간에 사망률이 90%, HIV-2는 10%이다. |
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| MDS | Master of Dental Surgery; maternal deprivation syndrome; medical data screening; medical data system... |
|---|---|
| OHS | obesity hypoventilation syndrome; occipital Horn syndrome; occupational health service; ocular histo... |
| PLS | Papillon-Lefevre syndrome; polydactyly-luxation syndrome; preleukemic syndrome; primary lateral scle... |
| PMS | patient management system; perimenstrual syndrome; periodic movements during sleep; phenazine methos... |
| PS | pacemaker syndrome; paired stimulation; paradoxical sleep; paraspinal; parasympathetic; Parkinson sy... |
| bone marrow transplant | <procedure> A procedure in which a section of bone marrow is taken from one person and transplanted into another. It is used to replace bone marrow that has been damaged or diseased. It can be a treatment option in leukaemia. Acronym: BMT (16 Dec 1997) |
|---|---|
| bone marrow transplantation | <oncology, procedure> Treatment in which healthy bone marrow replaces bone marrow that has been affected by a disease or by treatment for a disease. Acronym: BMT (12 May 1997) |
| bone matrix | The intercellular substance of bone tissue consisting of collagen fibres, ground substance, and inorganic bone salts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone metastases | <radiology> Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98%, False negatives: multiple myeloma, thyroid carcinoma, small, purely lytic lesions, oat cell carcinoma Specificity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High, False positives: Paget's disease, arthritis, fibrous dysplasia, infection, trauma, new or old REF: MacNeil BJ. Value of bone scanning in neoplastic disease. Semin Nucl Med 14:277, 1984. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone metastases in kids | <radiology> Rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, histiocytosis X Note: Wilms tumour goes to lung, not bone (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone morphogenetic protein | <protein> Activity derived from bone that induces the formation of cartilage and bone in vivo. Seven bone morphogenetic proteins have been described, BMP 1 being the only one not in the TGF beta superfamily. BMP 3 was formerly called osteogenin. Acronym: BMP (18 Nov 1997) |
| bone morphogenetic proteins | Non-collagenous factors, believed to be proteins, that occur in demineralised bone and stimulate osteogenesis. They can induce new bone formation in ectopic sites and thus have potential use in bone repair. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone nails | Rods of bone, metal, or other material used for fixation of the fragments or ends of fractured bones. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone phosphate | Ca3(PO4)2;used as an antacid. Synonym: bone ash, bone phosphate, tertiary calcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, whitlockite. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone plate | A metal bar with perforations for the insertion of screws; used to immobilise fractured segments. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone plates | Metal bars with perforations for the insertion of screws, used to immobilise fractured segments. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone reflex | A reflex excited by a stimulus applied to a bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bone regeneration | Renewal or repair of lost bone tissue. It excludes callus formed after bone fracture but not yet replaced by hard bone. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone remodeling | The continuous turnover of bone matrix and mineral that involves first, an increase in resorption (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive bone formation (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis. An imbalance in the regulation of bone remodeling's two contrasting events, bone resorption and bone formation, results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone resorption | Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity. (12 Dec 1998) |