| GITT | gastrointestinal transit time; glucose insulin tolerance test |
|---|---|
| GTB | gastrointestinal tract bleeding |
| LGI | large glucagon immunoreactivity; low gastrointestinal |
| MNGIE | myo-, neuro-, gastrointestinal encephalopathy |
| SLUDGE | salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastrointestinal upset, emesis |
| antihypertensive agents | Drugs used in the treatment of acute or chronic hypertension regardless of pharmacological mechanism. Among the antihypertensive agents are diuretics (especially diuretics, thiazide), adrenergic beta-antagonists, adrenergic alpha-antagonists, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, ganglionic blockers, and vasodilator agents. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| anti-infective agents, local | Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from disinfectants, which are used on inanimate objects. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anti-infective agents, quinolone | A group of synthetic antimicrobial agents which usually contain a 4-quinolinone ring structure. A few compounds belonging to this group have related nitrogen heterocyclic ring structures such as naphthyridine or phthalazine groups. All compounds in this group are substituted with an oxo group at the 4-position. The second-generation quinolones are also substituted with a 1-piperazinyl group at the 7-position and a fluorine moiety at the 6-position. The quinolones inhibit the a subunit of DNA gyrase and thus interfere with the ability of the enzyme to repair bacterial DNA breaks during replication. The compounds have a broad spectrum of activity against a variety of aerobic bacteria. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anti-infective agents, urinary | Substances capable of killing agents causing urinary tract infections or of preventing them from spreading. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antilipaemic agents | Substances that counteract high levels of lipids in the blood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antimanic agents | Agents that are used to treat bipolar disorders or mania associated with other affective disorders. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antimutagenic agents | Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced mutations independently of the mechanism involved. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agents | Collective grouping for substances used to arrest the proliferation of malignant cells and those that suppress the immune response. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anti-obesity agents | Agents that increase energy expenditure and weight loss by neural and chemical regulation. Beta-adrenergic agents and serotoninergic drugs have been experimentally used in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm) to treat obesity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antiparasitic agents | Drugs used to treat or prevent parasitic infections. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antiparkinson agents | Agents used in the treatment of parkinson's disease. The most commonly used drugs act on the dopaminergic system in the striatum and basal ganglia or are centrally acting muscarinic antagonists. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anti-platelet agents | Medications that, like aspirin, reduce the tendency of platelets in the blood to clump and clot. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antiplatyhelmintic agents | Agents used to treat cestode, trematode, or other flatworm infestations in man or animals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antiprotozoal agents | Agents destructive to protozoans or that check their growth or reproduction, especially those causing protozoan infections in man and animal. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antipsychotic agents | Agents that control agitated psychotic behaviour, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. They are used in schizophrenia, senile dementia, transient psychosis following surgery or myocardial infarction, etc. These drugs are often referred to as neuroleptics alluding to the tendency to produce neurological side effects, but not all antipsychotics are likely to produce such effects. Many of these drugs may also be effective against nausea, emesis, and pruritus. (12 Dec 1998) |