| prostaglandins, synthetic | Compounds obtained by chemical synthesis that are analogs or derivatives of naturally occurring prostaglandins and that have similar activity. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| prostanoic acid | 7-[2-(1-Octanyl)cyclopentyl]heptanoic acid;the 20-carbon acid that is the skeleton of the prostaglandins, with various hydroxyl and keto substitutions at positions 9, 11, and 15, and double bonds in the long aliphatic chains. (05 Mar 2000) |
| prostanoic acids | 2-octylcyclopentaneheptanoic acids. The family of saturated carbon-20 cyclic fatty acids that represent the parent compounds of the prostaglandins. (12 Dec 1998) |
| prostanoids | Collective term for prostaglandins, prostacyclins and thromboxanes: slightly narrower than eicosanoids. (18 Nov 1997) |
| prostat- | See: prostato-. (05 Mar 2000) |
| prostata | Synonym: prostate. Origin: Mod. L. From G. Prostates, one standing before (05 Mar 2000) |
| prostatalgia | A rarely used term for pain in the area of the prostate gland. Origin: prostat-+ G. Algos, pain (05 Mar 2000) |
| prostate | A small conical gland at the base of the male bladder and surrounding the first part of the urethra. (27 Sep 1997) |
| prostate acid phosphatase | An enzyme produced by the prostate that is elevated in some patients with prostate cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| prostate anatomy | <radiology> Periurethral glandular tissue, may lead to BPH, prostatic acinar tissue, central zone may lead to BPH, peripheral zone may lead to carcinoma (12 Dec 1998) |
| prostate cancer | The second most common malignancy in men. A malignant tumour of glandular origin in the prostate. Over 95% are adenocarcinomas. Most commonly seen in older men, with the age of 73 being the average age at the time of diagnosis. A family history for prostate cancer and perhaps, a diet that is high is fat are considered to be risk factors for this malignancy. Early detection is possible through annual digital rectal examinations and routine PSA testing. (27 Sep 1997) |
| prostate carcinoma | <radiology> Treatment: stages A and B: radical prostatectomy (prostate, seminal vesicles, part of bladder); some do simple prostatectomy for stage A, stage C: radiation therapy, stage D: orchiectomy and/or oestrogens stage A Tumour discovered incidentally in tissue removed for BPH, A1 Small focal involvement of one lobe, A2 Multifocal or diffuse carcinoma, Stage B Palpable carcinoma confined to prostate on digital exam, B1 Solitary nodule less than 1.5 cm, B2 Diffuse involvement of both lobes, Stage C Tumour extending through the prostate capsule; no metastasis, Stage D Metastases, usually to bone and/or pelvic lymph nodes (12 Dec 1998) |
| prostate gland | A gland in the male that surrounds the neck of the bladder and urethra. The prostate contributes to the seminal fluid. (16 Dec 1997) |
| prostate-specific antigen | <tumour marker> A simple blood test used to detect prostate cancer in men. The test measures a specific antigen normally secreted by the prostate. If cancer is developing, the prostate secretes greater amounts of prostate-specific antigen. This test is recommended for men with an enlarged prostate and an increased risk of prostate cancer. It is an enzyme that is produced by epithelial cells of both benign and malignant prostate tissue. It is an important marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. It is a single chain 31 kilodalton glycoprotein with 240 amino acid residues and 4 carbohydrate side chains that is a kallikrein protease. It is found in normal seminal fluid and produced by the prostatic epithelial cells. Elevated levels in blood serum are associated with prostatic enlargement and prostatic adenocarcinoma, and this allows early detection of cancer in many cases. In about 70% of cases, the rise is due to a cancerous condition. No large scale clinical studies have been completed to assess the impact of testing on survival from prostate cancer, and the medical and economic value of testing remain uncertain. Acronym: PSA Registry number: EC 3.4.21.77 (22 Sep 2002) |
| prostatectomy | The surgical removal of the prostate gland. (12 Dec 1998) |