| channel transport | <radiobiology> In inertial fusion research using light ion drivers, describes the use of current-carrying plasma channels (which are magnetically confined to the channel) to transport electron or ion beams between the ion diode and the fusion target. This allows the ion source to stand back from the target. (09 Oct 1997) |
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| channeled | Having a deep longitudinal groove. (09 Oct 1997) |
| channeling | The direct transfer of a reaction product from one enzyme's active site to that of another, thus catalysing the next step in a sequential pathway. (09 Oct 1997) |
| chanoclavin-I-cyclase | <enzyme> Converts chanoclavin I to agraclavin Registry number: EC 3.5.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| Chantemesse reaction | A conjunctival reaction, especially as applied to typhoid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Chantemesse, Andre | <person> French bacteriologist, 1851-1919. See: Chantemesse reaction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chaos | 1. State of such total disorganization that it has no constructive predicates. 2. A state in which no causal relationships are operating. Origin: G., primeval formless void (05 Mar 2000) |
| chaos theory | A branch of mathematics dealing with events and processes that cannot be predicted precisely on the basis of conventional mathematical theories or laws; some biological processes, e.g., spread of malignant disease, appear to conform to chaos theory, at least sometimes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chaotic heart | Apparently totally uncoordinated cardiac action or rhythm. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chaotropic | Pertaining to chaotropism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chaotropism | The property of certain substances, usually ions (e.g., SCN-, ClO4-, guanidinium), to disrupt the structure of water and thereby promote the solubility of nonpolar substances in polar solvents (e.g., water), the unfolding of proteins, the elution from or movement through a chromatographic medium of an otherwise tightly bound substance, etc. Origin: G. Chaos, disorder, confusion, + trope, a turning (05 Mar 2000) |
| CHAP | Acronym for cyclophosphamide, hexamethylmelamine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and cisplatin, a chemotherapy regimen used in the treatment of ovarian cancer. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chaparral | A plant community of drought-adapted shrubs, usually found in rocky and rapidly drained shallow soils. (09 Oct 1997) |
| chaperone | <cell biology> Cytoplasmic proteins of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport. Chaperone proteins do not covalently bind to their targets and do not form part of the finished product. Heat-shock proteins are an important sub set of chaperones. Three major families are recognised, the chaperonins (groEL and hsp60), the hsp70 family and the hsp90 family. Outside these major families are other proteins with similar functions including nucleoplasmin, secB and T-cell receptor associated protein. (18 Nov 1997) |
| chaperonin | <cell biology> Subset of chaperone proteins found in prokaryotes, mitochondria and plastids major example is prokaryotic GroEL (the eukaryotic equivalent of which is hsp60). (18 Nov 1997) |