| carbolines | A group of pyridoindole compounds. Allowed are any points of fusion of pyridine with the five-membered ring of indole and any derivatives of these compounds. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| carbolise | To mix with or add carbolic acid (phenol). (05 Mar 2000) |
| carboluria | The presence of phenol (carbolic acid) in the urine. Origin: carbolic acid + G. Ouron, urine (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbomer | A polymer of acrylic acid cross-linked with a polyfunctional compound, hence, a poly (acrylic acid) or polyacrylate; a suspending agent for pharmaceuticals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbometry | An obsolete method for the determination of the presence and the proportion of carbon dioxide in the air or expired breath by the precipitation of calcium carbonate from lime water. Synonym: carbometry. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbomycin | A macrolide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces halstedii; similar to erythromycin and used as an antibacterial and antimicrobial. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbomycin 3-O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Involved in carbomycin biosynthesis in streptomyces thermotolerans; referred to as macrolide 3-o-acyltransferase in text; genbank d30759 Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: carbomycin 3-o-acyltransferase, acya gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| carbon | <chemistry, element> Sixth element (Z=6) in the periodic table, has 6 protons, often described as the basis of life on earth because of its chemical properties, has potential for use with silicon as a low-activation structural material for fusion reactors, in the form silicon carbide. Carbon tiles are often used in plasma-facing components because its low Z makes carbon a relatively nice impurity. It is also useful as a neutron moderator. See: low-activation materials, plasma-facing components. Abbreviation: C (13 Nov 1997) |
| carbon bisulfide | <chemical> Carbon disulfide (cs2). A colourless, flammable, poisonous liquid, cs2. It is used as a solvent, and is a counterirritant and has local anaesthetic properties but is not used as such. It is highly toxic with pronounced CNS, haematologic, and dermatologic effects. Chemical name: Carbon disulfide (12 Dec 1998) |
| carbon compounds, inorganic | Inorganic compounds that contain carbon as an integral part of the molecule but are not derived from hydrocarbons. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carbon dichloride | An anthelmintic against hookworm and other nematodes. Synonym: carbon dichloride, ethylene tetrachloride, tetrachloroethylene. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbon dioxide | <biochemistry, physiology> A metabolic byproduct of carbohydrate metabolism. Carbon Dioxide collects in the tissues, is cleared by the blood (via the veins) and removed from the body via the lungs when we exhale air. Abbreviation: CO2 (13 Nov 1997) |
| carbon dioxide acidosis | <biochemistry> A metabolic derangement of acid-base balance where the blood pH is abnormally low. Causes include haemorrhagic shock, cardiogenic shock, severe dehydration, sepsis, toxic ingestion (for example isopropyl alcohol, methanol), alcoholic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, renal failure and diabetic ketoacidosis. Respiratory acidosis will occur if the lungs are not ventilating properly resulting in an excess of carbon dioxide in the body. (25 Jun 1999) |
| carbon dioxide blood level | A measure of the bicarbonate level in the blood based on a venipuncture specimen. The serum carbon dioxide is one of the normally reported values in the electrolytes profile. Lower levels of carbon dioxide indicate an acidosis. The normal level is 20 to 29 mEq/L. Lower than normal levels can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, alcoholic ketoacidosis, kidney disease, renal failure, diarrhoea, Addison's disease, ethylene glycol poisoning or methanol poisoning. Greater than normal levels can be seen with excessive vomiting, hyperaldosteronism and Cushing's syndrome. (27 Sep 1997) |
| carbon dioxide content | The total carbon dioxide available from serum or plasma following addition of acid; measured routinely in hospital laboratories as a component of electrolyte profiles. (05 Mar 2000) |