| ecological systems, closed | Systems that provide for the maintenance of life in an isolated living chamber through reutilization of the material available, in particular, by means of a cycle wherein exhaled carbon dioxide, urine, and other waste matter are converted chemically or by photosynthesis into oxygen, water, and food. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| emergency medical service communication systems | The use of communication systems, such as telecommunication, to transmit emergency information to appropriate providers of health services. (12 Dec 1998) |
| expert systems | Computer programs based on knowledge developed from consultation with experts on a problem, and the processing and/or formalizing of this knowledge using these programs in such a manner that the problems may be solved. (12 Dec 1998) |
| fire extinguishing systems | Automatic or hand operated equipment used to control and extinguish fires. (12 Dec 1998) |
| life support systems | Systems that provide all or most of the items necessary for maintaining life and health. Provisions are made for the supplying of oxygen, food, water, temperature and pressure control, disposition of carbon dioxide and body waste. The milieu may be a spacecraft, a submarine, or the surface of the moon. In medical care, usually under hospital conditions, life support care is available. (12 Dec 1998) |
| active transport | <biochemistry, chemistry> Transport of ions, nutrients or other molecules into a cell against a concentration gradient, this requires the expenditure of energy through ATP hydrolysis. (06 May 1997) |
| anterograde transport | Movement of material from the cell body of a neuron into axons and dendrites retrograde axoplasmic transport also occurs). (18 Nov 1997) |
| atrial transport function | The role of the atria in filling and stretching the ventricles by their presystolic contraction, without which the force of ventricular contraction and hence the cardiac output may significantly decrease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axonal transport | Directed transport of organelles and molecules along a nerve cell axon. Transport can be anterograde (from the cell body) or retrograde (toward the cell body). (alberts et al., molecular biology of the cell, 3d ed, pg3) (12 Dec 1998) |
| axoplasmic transport | Transport by way of flow of axoplasm toward cell soma (retrograde) or toward axon terminal (anterograde). (05 Mar 2000) |
| biological transport | The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) across cell membranes and epithelial layers, usually by passive diffusion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| biological transport, active | The movement of materials across cell membranes and epithelial layers against an electrochemical gradient, requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vectorial transport | <physiology> Transport of an ion or molecule across an epithelium in a certain direction (e.g. absorption of glucose by the gut). Vectorial transport implies a nonuniform distribution of transport proteins on the plasma membranes of two faces of the epithelium. (06 Mar 2000) |
| paracellular transport | Solvent movement across an epithelial cell layer through the tight junctions between cells. Compare: transcellular transport. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vesicular transport | <cell biology> Process of transport of material across an epithelium by uptake on one face into a coated vesicle, which may then be sorted through the trans Golgi network and transported to the opposite face in another set of vesicles. (17 Mar 1998) |