| 영문 | Parkinson disease | 한글 | 파킨슨병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 나이든 사람에게 발생하는 신경계의 퇴행병이다. 주로 운동을 담당하는 중간뇌부위가 침범된다. 원인은 바이러스, 약물, 혹은 동맥경화증 등으로 알려진 경우도 있으나, 원인을 알 수 없는 경우가 많다. 증상은 가면얼굴, 쓰러질 것 같은 걸음걸이, 손떨림, 근육의 강직, 앞으로 기울어진 자세 등임. 치료는 특별한 것이 없으며, 대개 보존적 치료(완치를 목적으로 하지 않고 단지 환자의 생활을 보조해주는 정도의 치료)를 시행한다. 최근, 죽은 태아의 뇌를 이식하는 뇌 이식술에 의한 치료효과가 높다는 보고가 있다. |
||
| 영문 | endemic disease | 한글 | 풍토병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 인간사회에 항상 존재하지만 특수한 기후나 토질로 인하여 특정지역에만 존재하는 사망률이 낮고, 임상적으로도 드물게 볼 수 있는 병. 특히 그 토지의 풍토-기후-생물-토양 등의 자연환경과 그 지방 주민의 풍속-습관-인습 등이 복잡하게 얽혀서 생긴 특수한 병을 가리킨다. 일반적으로 그 지방 주민의 사망률은 그다지 높지 않지만 근절되기 어려운 것이 특징이다. 지방병이라는 말은 어느 지방에 한정하여 볼 수 있는 병이라는 점에서는 같지만, 풍토환경과 밀접한 관계가 있다는 데서 보면 풍토병이라는 용어가 적절하다. 국내적으로는 쯔쯔가무시병, 야생토끼병, 렙토스피라증 등이 알려져 있고, 세계적으로는 말라리아, 황열, 페트스, 일본주혈흡충증 등이 알려져 있다. |
||
| 영문 | Hodgkin's disease | 한글 | 호지킨병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 악성림프종의 한 형태이다. 호지킨병은 방사선 치료에 대단히 예민해서 충분한 양의 방사선으로 완전한 근치적 치료가 가능하다. |
||
| Nussbaum, Johann von | <person> German surgeon, 1829-1890. See: Nussbaum's bracelet. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| syndrome, von hippel-lindau | The cardinal features of von hippel-lindau (vhl) syndrome are benign blood-vessel tumours that most typically affect the eye and the brain. The eye tumours are termed angiomata and are in the retina. The brain tumours are termed haemangioblastoma and are in the cerebellum. Vhl is complex. There can also be blood-vessel tumours (haemangiomata) in the spinal cord, adrenal glands, liver, and lungs. Pheochromocytoma (a benign tumour of adrenal-like tissue) occurs in some patients. The combination of high blood pressure (hypertension) with angioma may cause bleeding under the skull (subarachnoid haemorrhage). Kidney tumours (like hypernephromas) may be malignant and metastasize. An abnormal elevation of red blood cells (polycythemia) can be due to the haemangioblastoma of the cerebellum or the hypernephroma. Multiple cysts can occur in the pancreas and kidneys. Patients with kidney problems or pancreatic cysts do not have pheochromocytoma, and visa versa. Lab findings in vhl may include high calcium (hypercalcaemia) and low potassium (hypokalaemia) occurring with the pheochromocytoma. Vhl is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The gene on one of the non-sex chromosomes is dominant over the normal gene with which it is paired so that one vhl gene is sufficient to cause the vhl syndrome. If a person has vhl, the chance for each of their children to receive the vhl gene is one-half (50%). The vhl gene has been mapped to chromosome 3 (the 3rd volume in the book of life) in region 3p26-p25. The vhl gene has the characteristics of a tumour-suppressor gene. The person with vhl inherits one inactive copy of the vhl gene (a germline mutation) from one of their parents. But the normal gene with which it is paired is still enough to suppress the formation of a tumour. Then, in one cell in the vhl patient's body, another mutation (a somatic mutation) occurs, inactivating the vhl gene. Thus, both copies of the vhl gene are inactivated and a tumour arises in the vhl patient. The syndrome is named for the german ophthalmologist eugen von hippel who described the charcteristic eye blood-vessel tumours in 1904 and the swedish pathologist arvid lindau who recognised the association between the eye tumours and the blood-vessel tumours of the cerebellum and other parts of the central nervous system in 1926-7. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Dogiel, Jan von | <person> Russian anatomist and physiologist, 1830-1905. See: Dogiel's cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Drigalski, Wilhelm von | <person> German bacteriologist, 1871-1950. See: Drigalski-Conradi agar, Conradi-Drigalski agar. (05 Mar 2000) |
| imbrication lines of von Ebner | Incremental line's in the dentin of the tooth that reflect variations in mineralization during dentin formation; the distance between the line's corresponds to the daily rate of dentin formation. Synonym: incremental lines of von Ebner. (05 Mar 2000) |
| incremental lines of von Ebner | Incremental line's in the dentin of the tooth that reflect variations in mineralization during dentin formation; the distance between the line's corresponds to the daily rate of dentin formation. Synonym: incremental lines of von Ebner. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Eicken, Karl von | <person> German laryngologist, 1873-1960. See: Eicken's method. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Esmarch, Johann von | <person> German surgeon, 1823-1908. See: Esmarch tourniquet. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Jaeger, Eduard Ritter von Jaxthal | <person> Austrian ophthalmologist, 1818-1884. See: Jaeger's test types. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Zambusch, Leo von | <person> 20th century German physician. See: generalised pustular psoriasis of Zambusch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Fehling, Hermann von | <person> German chemist, 1812-1885. See: Fehling's reagent, Fehling's solution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Kolliker, Rudolph von | <person> Swiss histologist, 1817-1905. See: Kolliker's layer, Kolliker's reticulum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Korff, Karl von | <person> 20th century German anatomist and histologist. See: Korff's fibres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Kupffer, Karl Wilhelm von | <person> B. Munich, Nov. 14th, 1829. Was an Anatomist and Embryologist. Was Professor of Anatomy in Kiel (1867), in Konigsberg (1875) and in Munich (1880). D. Munich, 1902. Kupffer's Cells - "stellate cells" in the lining of blood channels in the liver. Lived: 1829-1902. (05 Dec 1998) |
| Langenbeck, Bernhard von | <person> German surgeon, 1810-1887. See: Langenbeck's triangle. (05 Mar 2000) |