| retino- | The retina. Origin: Med. L. Retina (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| retinoblastoma | <oncology, tumour> Malignant tumour of the retina, usually arising in the inner nuclear layer of the neural retina. Retinoblastoma is unusual in being caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in some cases (about 6%), in which case it may be bilateral. The gene product of the retinoblastoma gene is a tumour suppressor that interacts with transcription factors such as E2F to block transcription of growth regulating genes. The Rb gene plays a role in normal development, not just that of the retina. Inheritance: autosomal dominant. (03 Jul 1999) |
| retinoblastoma protein | <molecular biology, protein> Product of the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor gene. It is a nuclear phosphoprotein hypothesised to normally act as an inhibitor of cell proliferation. Rb protein is absent in retinoblastoma cell lines. It also has been shown to form complexes with the adenovirus e1a protein, the sv40 t antigen, and the human papilloma virus e7 protein. (03 Jul 1999) |
| retinochoroid | Relating to the choroid coat of the eye and the retina. Synonym: retinochoroid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinochoroiditis | Inflammation of the retina extending to the choroid. Synonym: chorioretinitis, choroidoretinitis. Origin: retinochoroid + G. -itis, inflammation (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinochoroiditis juxtapapillaris | Retinochoroiditis close to the optic disk. Synonym: Jensen's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinodialysis | Synonym: dialysis retinae. Origin: retino-+ G. Dialysis, separation (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinoic acid | <biochemistry> The aldehyde (retinal) has long been known to be involved in photoreception, but retinoic acid has other roles. There are cytoplasmic retinoic acid binding proteins and retinoic acid response elements that regulate gene transcription. Retinoic acid is thought to be a morphogen in chick limb bud development and in early development of the chick that probably accounts for its potent teratogenic action. Synonym: vitamin A. (03 Jul 1999) |
| retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Catalyses the hydroxylation of all-trans retinoic acid to 4-hydroxyretinoic acid Registry number: EC 1.14.- Synonym: ra-4-hydroxylase, cytochrome p450 4-hydroxylase, cyp450 4-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| retinoid | <biochemistry> Derivatives of vitamin A. Used clinically in the treatment of severe cystic acne, psoriasis, and other disorders of keratinization. Their possible use in the prophylaxis and treatment of cancer is being actively explored. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retinoids | A class of keratolytic drugs derived from retinoic acid and used for treatment of severe acne and psoriasis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinol | Vitamin A1alcohol; 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-(9'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylnona-1',3',5',7'-tetraenyl)cyclohex-1-ene;a half-carotene bearing the b (or beta-ionone) form of the cyclic end group and a CH2OH at the C-15 position (numbering as in carotenoids) or 9'-position (numbering as a nonyl side chain on a cyclohexene ring); an intermediate in the vision cycle, it also plays a role in growth and differentiation. See: dehydroretinol. Synonym: vitamin A1 alcohol, vitamin A1. Retinol dehydrogenase, an oxidoreductase catalyzing interconversion of retinal and NADH to retinol and NAD+. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retinol 4-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Converts retinol to 4-hydroxyretinol in presence of NADPH Registry number: EC 1.14.13.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| retinol dehydratase | <enzyme> Catalyses conversion of retinol to anhydroretinol; isolated from spodoptera frugiperda; genbank u28654 Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| retinol dehydrogenase | <enzyme> 9-cis-retinol dehydrogenase is also available Registry number: EC 1.1.1.105 Synonym: 11-cis retinol dehydrogenase, p32 retinol dehydrogenase (26 Jun 1999) |