| 영문 | Parkinson disease | 한글 | 파킨슨병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 나이든 사람에게 발생하는 신경계의 퇴행병이다. 주로 운동을 담당하는 중간뇌부위가 침범된다. 원인은 바이러스, 약물, 혹은 동맥경화증 등으로 알려진 경우도 있으나, 원인을 알 수 없는 경우가 많다. 증상은 가면얼굴, 쓰러질 것 같은 걸음걸이, 손떨림, 근육의 강직, 앞으로 기울어진 자세 등임. 치료는 특별한 것이 없으며, 대개 보존적 치료(완치를 목적으로 하지 않고 단지 환자의 생활을 보조해주는 정도의 치료)를 시행한다. 최근, 죽은 태아의 뇌를 이식하는 뇌 이식술에 의한 치료효과가 높다는 보고가 있다. |
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| 영문 | endemic disease | 한글 | 풍토병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 인간사회에 항상 존재하지만 특수한 기후나 토질로 인하여 특정지역에만 존재하는 사망률이 낮고, 임상적으로도 드물게 볼 수 있는 병. 특히 그 토지의 풍토-기후-생물-토양 등의 자연환경과 그 지방 주민의 풍속-습관-인습 등이 복잡하게 얽혀서 생긴 특수한 병을 가리킨다. 일반적으로 그 지방 주민의 사망률은 그다지 높지 않지만 근절되기 어려운 것이 특징이다. 지방병이라는 말은 어느 지방에 한정하여 볼 수 있는 병이라는 점에서는 같지만, 풍토환경과 밀접한 관계가 있다는 데서 보면 풍토병이라는 용어가 적절하다. 국내적으로는 쯔쯔가무시병, 야생토끼병, 렙토스피라증 등이 알려져 있고, 세계적으로는 말라리아, 황열, 페트스, 일본주혈흡충증 등이 알려져 있다. |
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| 영문 | Hodgkin's disease | 한글 | 호지킨병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 악성림프종의 한 형태이다. 호지킨병은 방사선 치료에 대단히 예민해서 충분한 양의 방사선으로 완전한 근치적 치료가 가능하다. |
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| ICD | I-cell disease; immune complex disease; implantable cardioverter defibrillator; impulse-control diso... |
|---|---|
| ID | identification; iditol dehydrogenase; immunodeficiency; immunodiffusion; immunoglobulin deficiency; ... |
| ILD | interstitial lung disease; intraoperative localization device; ischemic leg disease; ischemic limb d... |
| LD | labor and delivery; laboratory data; labyrinthine defect; lactate dehydrogenase; laser Doppler; lear... |
| NSD | Nairobi sheep disease; neonatal staphylococcal disease; neurosecretory dysfunction; night sleep depr... |
| haemorrhagic shock | Hypovolaemic shock resulting from acute haemorrhage, characterised by hypotension, tachycardia, pale, cold, and clammy skin, and oliguria. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| haemorrhagic smallpox | A severe and frequently fatal form of smallpox accompanied by extravasation of blood into the skin in the early stage, or into the pustules at a later stage, accompanied often by nosebleed and haemorrhage from other orifices of the body. Synonym: fulminating smallpox, variola haemorrhagica. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia | <gastroenterology> An inherited disease characterised by thin blood vessel walls in the nose, skin and gastrointestinal tract. This condition ins associated with a high risk of bleeding complications. Inheritance: autosomal dominant. (27 Sep 1997) |
| hereditary haemorrhagic thrombasthenia | <haematology> A form of congenital platelet functional defect that result in prolongation of the bleeding time. Characteristics include mucosal and post-operative bleeding that may be severe. (17 Dec 1997) |
| simian haemorrhagic fever | A highly fatal disease of macaque monkeys caused by the simian haemorrhagic fever virus and characterised by fever, facial oedema, anorexia, adipsia, skin petechiae, diarrhoea, haemorrhages, and death. (05 Mar 2000) |
| simian haemorrhagic fever virus | An arterivirus causing simian haemorrhagic fever in macaque monkeys. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior haemorrhagic polioencephalitis | <syndrome> A condition frequently encountered in chronic alcoholics, largely due to thiamin deficiency and characterised by disturbances in ocular motility, pupillary alterations, nystagmus, and ataxia with tremors; an organic-toxic psychosis is often an associated finding, and Korsakoff's syndrome often coexists; characteristic cellular pathology found in several areas of the brain. Synonym: superior haemorrhagic polioencephalitis, Wernicke's disease, Wernicke's encephalopathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dengue haemorrhagic fever | <microbiology> A tropical disease caused by dengue virus (Arbovirus), that is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito of the genus Aedes). Four severity grades of the illness are seen: grade I (fever and constitutional symptoms), grade II (grade I plus spontaneous bleeding of skin, gums or gastrointestinal tract), grade III (grade II plus agitation and circulatory failure) and grade IV (profound shock). Grade I infection is seen most frequently in world travelers, where it is usually self-limited and rarely fatal. The other grades are referred to as dengue haemorrhagic fever and are often fatal. Dengue haemorrhagic fever appears to be an infection by one of the other dengue viruses. Prior immunity to a different dengue virus type appears to be important in the development of the more serious haemorrhagic form. Vaccines are available. Protection from mosquitoes is an important preventive measure. (27 Sep 1997) |
| infantile acute haemorrhagic oedema of the skin | A generally benign form of cutaneous vasculitis, characterised by ecchymotic purpura, often in a cockade pattern, and inflammatory oedema in infants. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Omsk haemorrhagic fever | A form of epidemic haemorrhagic fever found in central Russia, caused by the Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus, a member of the family Flaviviridae, and transmitted by Dermacentor ticks; associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and haemorrhages but little or no central nervous system involvement. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus | A virus of the genus Flavivirus causing Omsk haemorrhagic fever. (05 Mar 2000) |
| telangiectasia, hereditary haemorrhagic | An autosomal dominant vascular anomaly characterised by the presence of multiple small telangiectases of the skin, mucous membranes, gastrointestinal tract, and other organs, associated with recurrent episodes of bleeding from affected sites and gross or occult melena. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ebola haemorrhagic fever | An epidemic viral illness seen in southern Sudan and Zaire, caused by the Ebola virus. The illness is characterised by fever, malaise, muscle aches, respiratory symptoms, diarrhoea, vomiting, epistaxis, haemoptysis, haematemesis, rash, tremors and subconjunctival haemorrhages. Transmitted by close bodily contact with infected individuals (blood, faeces and body fluids). Incubation is-21 days with initial symptoms of fever and headache. There is no specific treatment and death can occur within 10 days. (27 Sep 1997) |
| thrombocythemia, haemorrhagic | A clinical syndrome characterised by repeated spontaneous haemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number of circulating platelets. (12 Dec 1998) |
| epidemic haemorrhagic fever | A condition characterised by acute onset of headache, chills and high fever, sweating, thirst, photophobia, coryza, cough, myalgia, arthralgia, and abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting; this phase lasts from three to six days and is followed by capillary and renal interstitial haemorrhages, oedema, oliguria, azotemia, and shock; most varieties are caused by arboviruses (togaviruses, arenaviruses, flaviviruses, and bunyaviruses), and are rodent-borne. Synonym: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Songo fever. (05 Mar 2000) |