| ocular cone | The cone of light in the interior of the eyeball with the base formed by the rays entering through the pupil and the apex focused on the retina. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| T fibre | A fibre that branches at right angles to the right and left; term used to describe the branching patterns of granular cell axons in the molecular layer of the cerebellum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| theca interna cone | The conical thickening of thecal cells of an ovarian follicle with its apex pointed toward the surface. (05 Mar 2000) |
| elastic cone | Thicker lower portion of the elastic membrane of the larynx, extending between the cricoid cartilage and the vocal ligaments, the latter actually being a thickening of the free, superior margin of the conus elasticus. Synonym: cricovocal membrane, elastic cone. Synonym: cricothyroid ligament. (05 Mar 2000) |
| twin cone | Two retinal cone's fused together. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Kuhne's fibre | Artificial muscle fibre made by filling the intestine of an insect with a growth of myxomycetes; used to demonstrate the contractility of protoplasm. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fibre | A substance found in foods that come from plants (fruits and vegetables) and typically cannot be digested. Also called bulk or roughage. Fibre helps in the digestive process and is thought to lower cholesterol and help control blood glucose. The two types of fibre in food are soluble and insoluble. Soluble fibre, found in beans, fruits, and oat products, dissolves in water and is thought to help lower blood fats and blood glucose. Insoluble fibre, found in whole-grain products and vegetables, passes directly through the digestive system, helping to rid the body of waste products and possibly prevent diseases such as colon cancer. High fibre diets help delay the progression of diverticulosis and, at least, reduce the bouts of diverticulitis. In many cases, it helps reduce the symptoms of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) (also called spastic colitis, mucus colitis, and nervous colon syndrome.) It is generally accepted that a diet high in fibre is protective, or at least reduces the incidence, of colon polyps and colon cancer. Soluble fibre substances are effective in helping reduce the blood cholesterol. This is especially true with oat bran, fruits, psyllium and legumes. High soluble-fibre diets may lower cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins ( the 'bad' lipoproteins ) by 8% to 15%. Insoluble fibre retains water in the colon, resulting in a softer and larger stool. It is used effectively in treating constipation resulting from poor dietary habits. Bran is particularly rich in insoluble fibre. Soluble fibres (oat bran, apples, citrus, pears, peas/beans, psyllium, etc.) slow down the digestion of carbohydrates (sugars), which results in better glucose metabolism. Some patients with the adult-onset diabetes may actually be successfully treated with a high-fibre diet alone, and those on insulin, can often reduce their insulin requirements by adhering to a high-fibre diet. (12 Dec 1998) |
| fibre cell | <plant biology> Greatly elongated type of plant cell with very thick lignified wall. Usually dead at maturity, this cell type is specialised for the provision of mechanical strength. Fibre cells and sclereids together make up the tissue known as sclerenchyma. (18 Nov 1997) |
| l-cone | Long wavelength sensitive cone (red cone). (05 Mar 2000) |
| leukodystrophy with diffuse Rosenthal fibre formation | A metabolic disorder whose onset can be in infancy, adolescence, or adulthood; characterised pathologically by widespread cerebral demyelination with astrocyte and primitive oligodendroglial cell proliferation; refractile Rosenthal fibres result from the degeneration of these proliferating cells; aetiology unknown, but possibly due to a metabolic defect of astrocytes; sex-linked recessive disorder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| long cone technique | The use of a cone distance of 14 inches or more in making oral roentgenographs. (05 Mar 2000) |
| loss cone | In a magnetic mirror machine, particles with a large velocity parallel to the magneitc field and a small velocity perpendicular to the field will be able to escape past the magnetic mirror (see magnetic mirror). In that case the velocity distribution function (see distribution function) will be almost zero in the region of velocity space that allows particles to escape. The shape of that region (in a velocity space diagram with parallel velocity and perpendicular velocity as the axes) is a cone. When a particle undergoes a collision, its velocity gets somewhat randomised. Particles that are scattered into that cone are lost very quickly (in one mirror bounce time). Thus it is called a loss cone. Because of the loss cone, the theoretical maximum particle confinement time of a magnetic mirror machine can be only a few times the particle collision time, this is generally seen as a showstopper for mirror-based fusion research. (09 Oct 1997) |