| AMC | academic medical center; acetylmethyl carbinol; Animal Medical Center; antibody-mediated cytotoxicit... |
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| CMT | California mastitis test; cancer multistep therapy; catechol methyltransferase; certified medical tr... |
| IMA | Industrial Medical Association; inferior mesenteric artery; Interchurch Medical Assistance; internal... |
| MA | malignant arrhythmia; management and administration; mandelic acid; masseter; Master of Arts; matern... |
| MI | first meiotic metaphase; maturation index; medical illustrator; medical informatics; medical inspect... |
| Kempner diet | A diet of rice, fruit, and sugar, plus vitamin and iron supplements, devised by Kempner to treat hypertension. In 2,000 calories, the diet contains 5 gm or less of fat, about 20 gm of protein, and not more than 150 mg of sodium. Synonym: Kempner diet. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| ketogenic diet | A high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and normal protein diet causing ketosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| full liquid diet | A diet consisting only of liquids but including cream soups, ice cream, and milk. (05 Mar 2000) |
| liver diet | A special diet for those with liver disease should be low in protein and higher in carbohydrates. (27 Sep 1997) |
| low-calorie diet | A diet of 1,200 calories or less per day. (05 Mar 2000) |
| low-fat diet | A diet containing minimal amounts of fat.Diets containing low amounts of fat and cholesterol are designed to reduce the risk of heart disease and, in some cases, cancer. Dozens of such diets have been promulgated, both by medical and lay advisors. Their popularity can be attributed in part to clinical studies that have, since the 1980s, revealed, on the one hand, the hazards of eating high-fat, high-cholesterol foods and, on the other, the benefits of ingesting less saturated fat and LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol. Although coronary deaths have been reduced by roughly 30% since 1970, the aim of health officials is to further reduce heart attack rates. The average cholesterol level among adult Americans has fallen from 213 to 205 mg/dl since 1978. However, the National Cholesterol Education Program recommends that individuals maintain a total cholesterol level of no more than 200 mg/dl, with LDL at less than 130 mg/dl and HDL (high density lipoprotein) around 60 mg/dl. About one-half of American adults exceed those recommendations. Low-fat, low-cholesterol diets are rich in whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, and legumes, and limit or exclude consumption of processed oils, dairy products, nuts and seeds, and meats. See atherosclerosis, free radicals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| low purine diet | A diet low in precursors of purines (such as tissues rich in cells with abundant nuclei, as in liver, glandular meats, etc.) to minimise formation of uric acid. Useful in treatment of patients with gout or urate-containing renal calculi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| low residue diet | A diet that leaves minimal unabsorbed components in the intestine, to minimise functional stress on the colon. (05 Mar 2000) |
| low salt diet | A diet with restricted amounts of sodium chloride, necessary in the treatment of some cases of hypertension, heart failure, and other syndromes characterised by fluid retention and/or oedema formation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| academic medical centres | Medical complexes consisting of medical school, hospitals, clinics, libraries, administrative facilities, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
| advance medical directives | Advance directives preserve the person's right to accept or reject a course of medical treatment even after that person becomes mentally or physically incapacitated to the point of being unable to communicate those wishes. There ared two basic types of advance directives: (1) a living will, in which the person outlines specific treatment guidelines that are to be followed by health care providers; (2) a health care proxy (also called a power of attorney for healthcare decision making) in which the person designates a trusted individual to make medical decisions in the event that he or she becomes too incapacitated to make such decisions. Advance directive requirements vary greatly from one jurisdiction to another and should therefore be drawn up in consultation with an attorney who is familiar with the laws of the particular jurisdiction. (This entry is based upon material from the National MS Society). (12 Mar 2000) |
| american medical association | Professional society representing the field of medicine. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genetics, medical | A field of human genetics which entails the reliable prediction of certain human disorders as a function of the lineage and/or genetic makeup of any two parents or potential parents. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reference books, medical | Books in the field of medicine intended primarily for consultation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| regional medical programs | Coordination of activities and programs among health care institutions within defined geographic areas for the purpose of improving delivery and quality of medical care to the patients. These programs are mandated under u.s. Public law 89-239. (12 Dec 1998) |