| gene dosage effect | In codominant alleles, the more or less linear relationship between the phenotypic value and the number of genes of one type substituted by another type. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| gene duplication | <molecular biology> A class of DNA rearrangement that generates a supernumerary copy of a gene in the genome. This would allow each gene to evolve independently to produce distinct functions. Such a set of evolutionarily related genes can be called a gene family. (18 Nov 1997) |
| gene, evolutionarily conserved | A gene that has remained essentially unchanged throughout evolution. Conservation of a gene indicates that it is unique and essential. There is not an extra copy of that gene with which evolution can tinker. And changes in the gene are likely to be lethal. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene families | Groups of closely related genes that makesimilar products. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene family | <molecular biology> A set of genes coding for diverse proteins which, by virtue of their high degree of sequence similarity, are believed to have evolved from a single ancestral gene. An example is the immunoglobulin family where the characteristic features of the constant domains are found in various cell surface receptors. (18 Nov 1997) |
| gene flow | The movement of genes from one population to another viainterbreeding. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene frequency | The relative occurence (expressed as a percentage) of a gene in a given population. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene fusion | Fusion of structural genes to analyze protein behaviour or fusion of regulatory sequences with structural genes to determine mechanisms of regulation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene insertion | The addition of one or more genesinto a genome from an externalsource. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene isolation | A condition caused by a pair of alleles that, when present in the heterozygous form, inhibit the fertility of the organism that possessesthem. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene library | <molecular biology> A collection of cloned DNA fragments that contains all the genetic information of a particular organism. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene machine | A computerised device for synthesizing genes by combining nucleotides (bases) in a specified order. (14 Nov 1997) |
| gene mapping | Determination of the relative positions of genes on a DNA molecule (chromosome or plasmid) and of the distance, in linkage units or physical units, between them. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene markers | Detectable genetic traits or distinctive segments of DNA that serve as landmarks for a target gene. Markers are on the same chromosome as the target gene. They must be near enough to the target gene to be genetically linked to it: to be inherited usually together with that gene, and so serve as signposts to it. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene mosaicism | <genetics> Descriptive of an organism that consists of two or more genetically distinct cell lines. (14 Nov 1997) |