| glycine amidinotransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the transfer of an amidine group from l-arginine to glycine, forming guanidinoacetate and l-ornithine; an important reaction in creatine synthesis; it can also act on canavanine. Synonym: glycine transamidinase. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| glycine betaine | <chemical> A derivative of glycine characterised by high water solubility. Can function as an osmotic agent in plant tissues. See: biogenic amines. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glycine cleavage complex | A complex of several proteins that catalyze the reversible reaction of glycine with tetrahydrofolate to produce CO2, NH3, and N5,N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate; a deficiency of this enzyme (or one of its subunits) will result in nonketotic hyperglycinaemia. Synonym: glycine synthase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine dehydrogenase | Enzymes that catalyze the conversion of glycine to glyoxylate and ammonia, using either NAD+ or ferricytochrome c. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine hydroxymethyltransferase | <enzyme> A pyridoxal phosphate enzyme that catalyses the reaction of glycine and 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate to form serine. It also catalyses the reaction of glycine with acetaldehyde to form l-threonine. Chemical name: 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.1.2.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycine methyltransferase | <enzyme> Liver protein sediments in the 4-s region of sucrose gradients; binds to benzo(a)pyrene and to folate Registry number: EC 2.1.1.20 Synonym: glycine n-methyltransferase, carcinogen-binding protein, 4s carcinogen-binding protein, 4-s carcinogen-binding protein, 4s polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon-binding protein, 4s pah-binding protein, pah-binding protein (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycine receptor | <physiology> Chloride channel forming receptor. One of a family of neurotransmitter receptors with fast intrinsic ion channels. See: amino acid receptors. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glycine reductase | <enzyme> Glycine is reductively deaminated to acetate and ammonia by a complex requiring a dithiol and synthesizing ATP Registry number: EC 1.4.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycine synthase | A complex of several proteins that catalyze the reversible reaction of glycine with tetrahydrofolate to produce CO2, NH3, and N5,N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate; a deficiency of this enzyme (or one of its subunits) will result in nonketotic hyperglycinaemia. Synonym: glycine synthase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine transamidinase | <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the transfer of an amidine group from l-arginine to glycine, forming guanidinoacetate and l-ornithine; an important reaction in creatine synthesis; it can also act on canavanine. Synonym: glycine transamidinase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine-rich beta-glycoprotein | <enzyme> A glycine-rich, heat-labile beta-glycoprotein found in blood. It is a proactivator of complement 3 in the alternate pathway of complement activation. Factor b is converted by factor d to c3 convertase. Registry number: EC 3.4.21.47 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycine-rich beta-glycoproteinase | <enzyme> A serum protein which during the alternate pathway of complement activation converts the inactive properdin factor b to c3 convertase. Registry number: EC 3.4.21.46 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycine-succinate cycle | A series of metabolic steps in which glycine is condensed with succinyl-CoA and is then oxidised to CO2 and H2O with regeneration of the succinyl-CoA; important in the synthesis of d-aminolevulinic acid and in the metabolism of red blood cells. Synonym: Shemin cycle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine-trna ligase | <enzyme> An enzyme that activates glycine with its specific transfer RNA. Chemical name: Glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming) Registry number: EC 6.1.1.14 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycinin | The chief protein of soybeans. (05 Mar 2000) |