| fatty liver, alcoholic | Fatty liver in alcoholics. It is potentially reversible and may be associated with alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| fatty liver syndrome | <syndrome> A noninfectious disease of chickens characterised by enlarged fat-infiltrated livers. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fatty metamorphosis | The appearance of microscopically visible droplets of fat in the cytoplasm of cells. See: fatty degeneration. Synonym: fatty change. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fatty oil | An oil derived from both animals and plants; chemically, a glyceride of a fatty acid which, by substitution of the glycerine by an alkaline base, is converted into a soap; a fatty oil, in contrast to a volatile oil, is permanent, leaving a stain on an absorbent surface, and thus is not capable of distillation; it is obtained by expression or extraction; the consistency varies with the temperature, some being liquid (o.'s proper), others semisolid (fats), and others solid (tallows) at ordinary temperatures; both liquid and semisolid oil's are congealed by cold and the solids are liquified by heat. Synonym: fixed oil. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fatty renal capsule | The perirenal fat. Synonym: capsula adiposa renis, adipose capsule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fatty series | The alkanes; all the acyclic compounds in the methane, ethane, propane, etc., group, distinguished from the aromatic series. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fatty stool | A stool containing excessive amounts of fat. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fatty streak | <pathology> Superficial fatty patch in the artery wall caused by the accumulation of cholesterol and cholesterol oleate in distended foam cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
| fatty tissue | <anatomy> Connective tissue that has been specialised to store fat. See: adipocyte. (25 Jun 1999) |
| long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the final step in biosynthesizing storage liquid waxes from long chain fatty acyl CoA and fatty alcohols; forming predominantly c42 wax esters Registry number: EC 2.3.1.75 Synonym: acyl-coenzyme a-alcohol transacylase, aca transacylase, acyl-CoA-alcohol transacylase, wax-ester synthase (26 Jun 1999) |
| long-chain-fatty-acyl-glutamate deacylase | <enzyme> Lca aminoacylase I almost specific to l-glutamate-containing lipoamino acids; lca aminoacylase II acts on fatty acyl amino acids with chain lengths between c11 and c16 Registry number: EC 3.5.1.55 Synonym: lca aminoacylase I, lca aminoacylase II, n-long chain acyl aminoacylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| adaptive enzyme | Inducible enzyme, an enzyme that can be detected in a growing culture of a microorganism, after the addition of a particular substance (inducer) to the culture medium, but was not detectable prior to the addition and can act on the inducer. A prototype is the beta-galactosidase of Escherichia coli, synthesised upon the addition of various galactosides, whether or not these are good substrates. Compare: constitutive enzyme. Synonym: adaptive enzyme. (05 Mar 2000) |
| allosteric enzyme | <biochemistry, chemistry> A regulatory enzyme whose activity is modified by the noncovalent binding of a particular metabolite at a site (the allosteric site) other than the active site. (09 Oct 1997) |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme | <enzyme> This hydrolase enzyme cleaves the decapeptide angiotensin I (biologically inactive) to form active angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme which removes a dipeptide (histidylleucine) from angiotensin I. Angiotensin II causes contraction of vascular smooth muscle and thus raises blood pressure and stimulates aldosterone release from the adrenal glands. Angiotensin is finally broken down by angiotensinases. Elevations in angiotensin converting enzyme are seen sarcoidosis, histoplasmosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, asbestosis, berylliosis, diabetes, Hodgkin's disease, hyperthyroidism, amyloidosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary embolism, scleroderma, silicosis, tuberculosis, Gaucher's disease and leprosy. The normal values are 18 to 67 U/ml over 20 years of age (people under 20 have higher levels). Drugs that inhibit ACE are used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure. See: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Acronym: ACE (12 Aug 2000) |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor | <pharmacology> A class of drugs used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their haemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system and produce a reduction of peripheral arterial resistance. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility. (14 Aug 2000) |