| crus cerebri | Specifically, the massive bundle of corticofugal nerve fibres passing longitudinally on the ventral surface of the midbrain on each side of the midline; it consists of fibres descending from the cortex to the tegmentum of the brainstem, pontine gray matter, and spinal cord. See: cerebral peduncle, basis pedunculi. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| prefrontal cortex | The rostral part of the frontal lobe, bounded by the inferior precentral fissure in humans, which receives projection fibres from the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus. The prefrontal cortex receives afferent fibres from numerous structures of the diencephalon, mesencephalon, and limbic system as well as cortical afferents of visual, auditory, and somatic origin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| premotor cortex | A somewhat ill-defined term usually referring to the agranular cortex of Brodmann's area 6. Synonym: premotor area. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary visual cortex | See: visual cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hemispherium cerebri | 1. A half sphere; one half of a sphere or globe, when divided by a plane passing through its center. 2. Half of the terrestrial globe, or a projection of the same in a map or picture. 3. The people who inhabit a hemisphere. "He died . . . Mourned by a hemisphere." (J. P. Peters)ten Cerebral hemispheres. <anatomy> See Brain. <physics> Magdeburg hemispheres, two hemispherical cups forming, when placed together, a cavity from which the air can be withdrawn by an air pump; used to illustrate the pressure of the air. So called because invented by Otto von Guericke at Magdeburg. Origin: L. Hemisphaerium, Gr.; half = sphere: cf. F. Hemisphere. See Hemi-, and Sphere. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| provisional cortex | An extensive area of the adrenal gland present in primates during foetal life and for a short period after birth; located between the definitive cortex and the medulla, it contains large steroid-secreting cells arranged in a reticular pattern; involution of this zone in humans is largely completed by three months after birth. Synonym: androgenic zone, foetal reticularis, foetal zone, provisional cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heterotypic cortex | O. Vogt's term denoting several regions of the cerebral cortex, in particular the olfactory cortex and the hippocampus, characterised by fewer cell layers than the isocortex. See: cerebral cortex. Synonym: heterotypic cortex. Origin: allo-+ L. Cortex, bark (cortex) (05 Mar 2000) |
| pseudotumour cerebri | <radiology> Idiopathic, increased cerebrospinal fluid production, increased intracranial pressure, papilledema, CT: slit-like ventricles, treatment: steroids (12 Dec 1998) |
| secondary sensory cortex | A cortical region occupying the parietal operculum (upper lip of the lateral sulcus) closely posterior to the foot of the postcentral gyrus; like the primary somatic-sensory cortex of the postcentral gyrus, this region receives sensory impulses originating in face, trunk, and limbs; projections to the s.s.c. Are from the ventral basal complex (ventral posteromedial and posterolateral thalamic nuclei) and from the primary somesthetic cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| secondary visual cortex | See: visual cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| homotypic cortex | O. And C. Vogt's term for the larger part of the mammalian cerebral cortex, distinguished from the allocortex by being composed of a larger number of nerve cells arranged in six layers. See: cerebral cortex. Synonym: homotypic cortex, neocortex, neopallium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sensory cortex | Formerly denoting specifically the somatic sensory cortex, but now used to refer collectively to the somatic sensory, auditory, visual, and olfactory regions of the cerebral cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hypophysis cerebri | pituitary gland |
| somatic sensory cortex | Somatosensory cortex, the region of the cerebral cortex receiving the somatic sensory radiation from the ventrobasal nucleus of the thalamus; it represents the primary cortical processing mechanism for sensory information originating at the body surfaces (touch) and in deeper tissues such as muscle, tendons, and joint capsules (position sense); it corresponds approximately to Brodmann's areas 1, 2, 3 on the postcentral gyrus. Synonym: somesthetic area. (05 Mar 2000) |
| somatosensory cortex | Area of the parietal lobe concerned with receiving general sensations. It lies posterior to the central sulcus. (12 Dec 1998) |