| beta-galactosidase | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that catalyses the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-d-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Chemical name: beta-D-Galactoside galactohydrolase Registry number: EC 3.2.1.23 (12 Dec 1998) |
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| beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase | <enzyme> Transfers sialic acid residue from cmp-n-acetylneuraminic acid to an acceptor galactoside Registry number: EC 2.4.99.4 Synonym: alpha 2-3-sialyltransferase, cmp-neuac-galactoside (alpha 2-3)-sialyltransferase, cmp-angs-transferase, cmp n-acetylneuraminate-beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase, cmpsialic acid beta-galactosyl-1-3-n-acetylgalactosaminide alpha 2-3-sialyltransferase, beta-d-galactoside 3-alpha-sialyltransferase, cmp-acetylneuraminate-galactoside (alpha 2-3)-sialyltransferase, asialofetuin sialyltransferase, gal beta1,3galnac alpha2,3-sialyltransferase, cmp-neu5ac-gal beta1-3galnac alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase, cmp-neu5ac-gal1-3galnac alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase, alpha-2,3-st(o) (26 Jun 1999) |
| beta-galactoside permease | <chemical> Chemical name: permease, beta-galactoside (26 Jun 1999) |
| beta-galactosyl(1-3)N-acetylglucosaminide alpha(2-3)-sialyltransferase | <enzyme> Found in rat liver golgi apparatus Registry number: EC 2.4.99.- Synonym: gal-1-3-glcnac-sialyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| beta-galactosylceramidase | <enzyme> An enzyme that participates in the catabolism of certain ceramides; a deficiency of beta-galactosylceramidase is associated with Krabbe's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-globulins | The serum globulins with an electrophoretic mobility in neutral or alkaline solutions intermediate between that of alpha-globulins and gamma-globulins. (12 Dec 1998) |
| beta-glucocerebrosidase | <enzyme> An enzyme that hydrolyzes beta-glucosides in cerebrosides; a deficiency of this enzyme results in Gaucher disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-glucosidase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing residues in beta-d-glucosides with release of beta-glucose. Chemical name: beta-D-Glucoside glucohydrolase Registry number: EC 3.2.1.21 (12 Dec 1998) |
| beta-glucosyl-hydroxymethylcytosine-alpha-glucosyltransferase | <enzyme> Generates gentobiosyl groups on the hydroxymethylcytosine of phage t2 and t6 DNA Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- Synonym: b-glc-hmc-a-glucosyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| beta-haemolytic streptococci | Those that produce active haemolysins (O and S) which cause a zone of clear haemolysis on the blood agar medium in the area of the colony; beta-haemolytic streptococci are divided into groups (A to O) on the basis of cell wall C carbohydrate (see Lancefield classification); Group A (in the strains pathogenic for man) comprises more than 50 types (designated by Arabic numerals) determined by cell wall M protein, which seems to be associated closely with virulence and is produced chiefly by strains with matt or mucoid colonies, in contrast to nonvirulent, glossy colony-producing strains; other surface protein antigens such as R and T (T substance), and the nucleoprotein fraction (P substance) seem to be of less importance. The more than 20 extracellular substances elaborated by strains of beta-haemolytic streptococci include erythrogenic toxin (elaborated only by lysogenic strains), deoxyribonuclease (streptodornase), haemolysins (streptolysins O and S), hyaluronidase, and streptokinase. Synonym: haemolytic streptococci. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-CoA | -OOCCH2C(OH)(CH3)CH2COS-CoA;a key intermediate in the synthesis of ketone bodies and of steroids. Synonym: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-lyase, an enzyme, found primarily in liver and rumen epithelium that catalyses the formation of acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate from beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-CoA; a key step in ketogenesis; a deficiency of this enzyme leads to episodes of severe metabolic acidosis without ketosis. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-reductase, an enzyme that catalyses the rate-limiting step of cholesterol biosynthesis, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2NADPH + 2H+ → mevalonate + 2NADP+ + coenzyme A. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-synthase, an enzyme in mitochondria that catalyses the reaction of acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA and water to form beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-CoA and coenzyme A, a step required for both ketogenesis and steroidogenesis to occur. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-hydroxyacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein)dehydrase | <enzyme> In fatty acid synthesis; specific for acyl carrier protein; cannot use acyl CoA; see also faba gene product Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- Synonym: beta-ohacyl-acp dehydrase, beta-hydroxyacyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase, fabz gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| beta-hydroxybutyric acid | CH3CH(OH)CH2COOH;the d-stereoisomer is one of the ketone bodies and is formed in ketogenesis; it is an important fuel for extrahepatic tissues; as an acyl derivative it is also an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. The l-isomer is found as a coenzyme A derivative in b oxidation of fatty acids. Synonym: 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid. D-3-hydroxybutyric acid dehydrogenase, an enzyme that reversibly catalyses the interconversion of the two main ketone bodies, catalyzing acetoacetate + NADH + H+ &dblarr; d-3-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-hydroxyisobutyric acid | HOCH2CH(CH3)COOH;an intermediate in the degradation of l-valine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-hydroxypropionic acid | A minor intermediate in propionate and methylmalonate metabolism. See: beta-hydroxypropionic aciduria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| delta(5)-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Converts dehydroepiandrosterone to delta-4-androstene-3,17-dione Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- Synonym: dbhdase, 3 beta-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase, steroid-delta(5)-3-ol dehydrogenase (26 Jun 1999) |
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| diadenosine 5,5'''-P(1),P(4)-tetraphosphate alpha,beta-phosphorylase | <enzyme> Ap4a + inorganic po4 forms ATP + ADP Registry number: EC 2.7.7.53 Synonym: ap4a phosphorylase, ATP adenylyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| dihydro-beta-erythroidine | <chemical> Dihydro analog of beta-erythroidine, which is isolated from the seeds and other plant parts of erythrina sp. Leguminosae. It is an alkaloid with curarimimetic properties. Chemical name: 16(15H)-Oxaerythrinan-15-one, 1,6-didehydro-14,17-dihydro-3-methoxy-, (3beta)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA beta-glucosyltransferase | <enzyme> Transfers a beta-d-glucosyl residue from udp-glucose to hydroxymethylcytosine residues in double-stranded DNA Registry number: EC 2.4.1.27 Synonym: udp-glucose-DNA beta-d-glucosyltransferase, udp-glucose - 5-hydroxymethylcytosine beta-glucosyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA polymerase beta | <enzyme> A DNA repair enzyme that catalyses DNA synthesis during base excision DNA repair. Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| dopamine beta-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Chemical name: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine, ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating) Registry number: EC 1.14.17.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| dopamine beta-monooxygenase | A copper-containing enzyme catalyzing oxidation of ascorbate and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine simultaneously by O2 to yield norepinephrine, dehydroascorbate, and water; a crucial step in catecholamine metabolism. Synonym: dopamine beta-hydroxylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| D-(-)-phenylglycyl-beta-lactamide amidohydrolase | <enzyme> Highly specific for substrates containing an alpha-aminophenylacetic group in the acyl moiety; from xanthomonas sp. Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: pg-lactamide amidohydrolase (26 Jun 1999) |
| D-selenocystine alpha, beta-lyase | <enzyme> From clostridium sticklandii; pyridoxal-p enzyme; mw 74kda; decomposes d-selenocystine into pyruvate, nh3 and elemental selenium; d-cystine, d-lanthionine, meso-lanthionine and d-cysteine can also serve as substrates; d-selenocysteine, d-serine, dl-selenohomocystine and l-amino acids are inert Registry number: EC 4.99.- Synonym: dsc-ab-lyase (26 Jun 1999) |
| q beta phage | <molecular biology> A single-stranded RNA phage that specifically infects enterobacteria containing the f plasmid. It is widely used to study RNA phage and bacterial cell function. (10 Oct 1997) |
| q beta replicase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the replication of the RNA of coliphage q beta. Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| indole-3-acetate beta-glucosyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of indol-3-ylacetic acid and udp-glucose to 1-o-(indol-3-ylacetyl)-beta-d-glucose and udp Registry number: EC 2.4.1.121 Synonym: udp-glucose-indol-3-ylacetate beta-d-glucosyltransferase, 1-o-(indol-3-ylacetyl)-beta-d-glucose synthase, iab glucosyltransferase, udp-glucose-indoleacetic acid glucosyl transferase, iaa-glucose synthetase, iaglu gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| interferon-beta | <cytokine> One of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA. It is a cytokine with antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulating activity. Synonym: fibroblast interferon. Pharmacological action: adjuvants, immunologic, antineoplastic agent, antiviral agents. Chemical name: Interferon-alphaB (human leukocyte protein moiety reduced) (12 Dec 1998) |
| IV(3)beta-glucuronyl neolactotetraosylceramide sulfotransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the final step in sulfoglucuronyl glycolipid biosynthesis, in which sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate is transferred to a hydroxy group on carbon 3 of the terminal glucuronyl residue in iv(3)beta-glucuronyl neolactotetraosylceramide Registry number: EC 2.8.2.- Synonym: ggl-st, glcanlcose(4)cer sulfotransferase, glucuronylglycolipid sulfotransferase, ggl-3-sulfotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| testosterone 16 beta-hydroxylase | <enzyme> See also record for testosterone hydroxylase Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- Synonym: ttt 16 beta-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |