| EAA | electroacupuncture analgesia; Epilepsy Association of America; essential amino acid; excitatory amin... |
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| FAA | folic acid antagonist; formaldehyde, acetic acid, alcohol |
| FAP | familial adenomatous polyposis; familial amyloid polyneuropathy; fatty acid polyunsaturated; fatty a... |
| FPN | ferric chloride, perchloric acid, and nitric acid [solution] |
| HA | H antigen; Hakim-Adams [syndrome]; halothane anesthesia; Hartley [guinea pig]; headache; health alli... |
| acidophilic leukocyte | A polymorphonuclear leukocyte characterised by many large or prominent, refractile, cytoplasmic granules that are fairly uniform in size and bright yellow-red or orange when treated with Wright's or similar stains; the nuclei are usually larger than those of neutrophils, do not stain as deeply, and characteristically have two lobes (a third lobe is sometimes interposed on the connecting strand of chromatin); these leukocyte's are motile phagocytes with distinctive antiparasitic functions. Synonym: acidophilic leukocyte, eosinocyte, eosinophil, eosinophile, oxyphil, oxyphile, oxyphilic leukocyte. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| acidophilus | <microbiology> Bacteria found in yogurt that help restore a supportive bacterial environment to an intestinal tract affected by disease and antibiotics. Ingesting acidophilus also may be useful in preventing candidiasis (thrush), including in the vagina. (13 Nov 1997) |
| acidophilus milk | Milk inoculated with a culture of Bacillus acidophilus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acidosis | <biochemistry> A metabolic condition, characterised by an increase in hydrogen ion concentration, that occurs when the body is no longer able to buffer free hydrogen ions in the blood, resluting from either the accumulation of acid or depletion of the alkaline reserve (bicarbonate) in the blood and body tissues. This usually causes the pH of the blood to drop (and become more acidic). Compare: alkalosis. (10 May 1997) |
| acidotic | Pertaining to or indicating acidosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acids, carbocyclic | Carboxylic acids that have a homocyclic ring structure in which all the ring atoms are carbon. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acids, heterocyclic | A class of acids containing a ring structure in which atleast one atom other than carbon is incorporated. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acids, noncarboxylic | Inorganic acids with a non metal, other than carbon, attached to hydrogen, or an acid radical containing no carbon. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acidulant | <pharmacology> Food additive that is used to impart a sharp flavour. The most common acidulant is citric acid (produced by the fermentation of molasses or other sugars by the fungusAspergillus niger). Malic acid and fumaric acid are also frequently used. (06 May 1997) |
| acidulate | To make sour or acid in a moderate degree; to sour somewhat. Origin: Cf. F. Aciduler. See Acidulous. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| acidulated phosphate fluoride | <chemical> Phosphoric acid, mixt. With sodium fluoride (naf). A sodium fluoride solution, paste or powder, which has been acidulated to pH 3 to 4 and buffered with a phosphate. It is used in the prevention of dental caries. Pharmacological action: fluorides, topical. Chemical name: Phosphoric acid, mixt. With sodium fluoride (NaF) (12 Dec 1998) |
| acidulent | Having an acid quality; sour; acidulous. "With anxious, acidulent face." Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| acidulous | Slightly sour; sub-acid; sourish; as, an acidulous tincture. Acidulous mineral waters, such as contain carbonic anhydride. Origin: L. Acidulus, dim. Of acidus. See Acid. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| aciduria | 1. Excretion of an acid urine. 2. Excretion of an abnormal amount of any specified acid. Individual types of aciduria are prefixed by the specific acid; e.g., aminoaciduria, ketoaciduria. Origin: acid + G. Ouron, urine (05 Mar 2000) |
| aciduric | Pertaining to bacteria that tolerate an acid environment. Origin: acid + L. Duro, to endure (05 Mar 2000) |
| aminocitric acid | HOOCCH(NH3+)C(COOH)(OH)CH2CO; OH;found in acid hydrolysates of ribonucleoprotein in human spleen. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| aminoethanoic acid | <amino acid, physiology> The simplest amino acid. It is a common residue in proteins, especially collagen and elastin and is not optically active. It is also a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord and brainstem of vertebrate central nervous system. (18 Nov 1997) |
| aminoethylphosphonic acid | <chemical> (2-aminoethyl)-phosphonic acid. An organophosphorus compound isolated from human and animal tissues. Chemical name: Phosphonic acid, (2-aminoethyl)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| aminolevulinic acid | <chemical> Chemical name: Pentanoic acid, 5-amino-4-oxo- (12 Dec 1998) |
| aminooxyacetic acid | <chemical> (aminooxy)acetic acid. A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues. Pharmacological action: enzyme inhibitors, gaba agents. Chemical name: Acetic acid, (aminooxy)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| aminopropionic acid | <amino acid> Alanine is a nonessential amino acid that can be manufactured by the body from other sources as needed. Alanine is one of the simplest of the amino acids and is involved in the energy-producing breakdown of glucose. In conditions of sudden anaerobic energy need, when muscle proteins are broken down for energy, alanine acts as a carrier molecule to take the nitrogen-containing amino group to the liver to be changed to the less toxic urea, thus preventing buildup of toxic products in the muscle cells when extra energy is needed. Because the body easily constructs alanine from other sources, no deficiency state is known. Alanine is found in a wide variety of foods, but is particularly concentrated in meats. (22 May 1997) |
| anisic acid | A crystalline volatile acid obtained from anise; its compounds are the antiseptic anisates. Synonym: 4-methoxybenzoic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anthranilic acid | One of the products of tryptophan catabolism. Synonym: o-aminobenzoic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| apurinic acid | <chemical> Hydrolysate of DNA in which purine bases have been removed. Chemical name: Apurinic acid (12 Dec 1998) |
| apyrimidinic acid | DNA from which the pyrimidine bases have been removed by chemical treatment (e.g., exposure to hydrazine). (05 Mar 2000) |
| arabic acid | 1. <chemistry> A carbohydrate, isomeric with cane sugar, contained in gum arabic, from which it is extracted as a white, amorphous substance. 2. Mucilage, especially that made of gum arabic. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| arachic acid | CH3(CH2)18COOH;a fatty acid contained in peanut oil, butter, and other fats. Synonym: arachic acid, n-eicosanoic acid, n-icosanoic acid. Origin: Arachis, fr. G. Arakis, leguminous weed (05 Mar 2000) |
| arachidic acid | CH3(CH2)18COOH;a fatty acid contained in peanut oil, butter, and other fats. Synonym: arachic acid, n-eicosanoic acid, n-icosanoic acid. Origin: Arachis, fr. G. Arakis, leguminous weed (05 Mar 2000) |
| arachidonic acid | <biochemistry> An essential dietary component for mammals. The free acid is the precursor for biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid derivatives including leucotrienes and is thus of great biological significance. Within cells the acid is found in the esterified form as a major acyl component of membrane phospholipids (especially phosphatidyl inositol) and its release from phospholipids is thought to be the limiting step in the formation of its active metabolites. (18 Nov 1997) |
| arachidonic acid 18-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Converts arachidonic acid to 18-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid in the presence of NADPH; cytochrome p450 enzyme Registry number: EC 1.14.13.- Synonym: arachidonic acid 18(r)-hydroxylase, arachidonic acid omega 3-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acid chloride |
a substance formed by substituting chlorine for hydroxyl in an acid molecule.
출처: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspz...
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| acid dissociation constant |
In chemistry and biochemistry, acid dissociation constant, the acidity constant, or the acid-ionization constant (Ka) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that indicates the extent of dissociation of hydrogen ions from an acid. While strong acids dissociate practically completely in solution and consequently have large acidity constants, weak acids do not fully dissociate and generally have acidity constants far less than 1. ...
출처: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant
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| acid rain |
Acid rain is defined as rain with a pH of below 5.6. Normal rain has a pH of slightly under 6, which is slightly acidic. This natural acidity is caused by dissolved carbon dioxide dissociating to form weak carbonic acid. 'Acid rain' is caused by sulphur from impurities in fossil fuels, and nitrogen from the air combining with oxygen to form sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. ...
출처: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rain
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| acidity |
Acidity is a controversial novelette written for the popular South Asian website Chowk.com by the notoriously eccentric Pakistani music critic and writer Nadeem F. Paracha. Dealing with the rapid social and political changes taking place after the Cold War, the story is also about the author's five-year plight as a heroin addict. Written in a style reminiscent of William S. ...
출처: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidity
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| acid reflux |
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD, or GORD when -oesophageal, the BE form, is substituted) is injury to the esophagus that develops from chronic exposure of the esophagus to acid coming up from the stomach (reflux). In contrast, heartburn is the symptom of acid in the esophagus, characterized by a burning discomfort behind the breastbone (sternum). ...
출처: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_reflux
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