| acetyl-CoA synthetase | A ligase that catalyses the reaction of acetate and CoA and ATP to form AMP, pyrophosphate, and acetyl-CoA. A key step in the activation of acetate. Synonym: acetate thiokinase, acetate-CoA ligase, acetyl-activating enzyme, acetyl-CoA synthetase. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| acetyl-CoA thiolase | An acetyltransferase forming acetoacetyl-CoA from two molecules of acetyl-CoA, releasing one CoA. A key step in ketogenesis and sterol synthesis. Synonym: acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, acetyl-CoA thiolase, thiolase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl-coenzyme A | <enzyme> Condensation product of coenzyme A and acetic acid, symbolised as CoAS~COCH3; intermediate in transfer of two-carbon fragment, notably in its entrance into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and in fatty acid synthesis. This coenzyme plays a huge role in intermediary metabolism, in which cells synthesise, break down or use nutrient molecules for energy production, growth, etc. Acetyl-coenzyme A synthase is found in bacteria and plants and catalyses the reaction in which acetate enters metabolic pathways and forms acetyl-coenzyme A. Synonym: acetyl-coenzyme A, active acetate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl-coenzyme A-deacetylvindoline 4-O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the final step in vindoline biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus Registry number: EC 2.3.1.107 Synonym: acadv-acetyltransferase, acetylcoenzyme a-deacetylvindoline-17-o-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-coenzyme A-salutaridinol-7-O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the transfer of acetyl from acetyl coenzyme a to the 7-oh group of salutaridinol which yields salutaridinol-7-o-acetate, an intermediate in morphine biosynthesis; from papaver somniferum plant cell cultures Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acetyl CoA-salutaridinol-7-o-acetyltransferase, salutaridinol-7-o-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl methylcarbinol | <chemical> 3-hydroxy-2-butanone. A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidised to carbon dioxide. Chemical name: 2-Butanone, 3-hydroxy- (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetyl phosphate | CH3CO-OPO32-;a "high energy" phosphate that acts as an acetate donor in the metabolism of various bacteria. Synonym: acetic phosphoric anhydride. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl reduction assay | <investigation> A technique for measuring the nitrogen fixation activity in photosynthetic organisms. It uses a flame ionisation detector and a gas chromatography apparatus to determine the reduction of acetylene to ethylene by the enzyme nitrogenase. (06 May 1997) |
| acetyl sulfisoxazole | A derivative of sulfisoxazole with the same actions and uses; an antibacterial sulfa drug. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl transacylase | Enzyme transferring acetyl from acetyl-CoA to acyl carrier protein and releasing CoA to begin fatty acid synthesis. Synonym: acetyl transacylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl value | The milligrams of KOH required to neutralise the acetic acid produced by the hydrolysis of 1 g of acetylated fat; a measure of the hydroxy acids present in glycerides; notably high in castor oil. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acyl-CoA-1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol acyltransferase | <enzyme> From hl-60 cells; related to platelet-activating factor metabolism Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acyl-CoA-1-o-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol acyltransferase, acaag-acyltransferase, acyl-coenzyme a-1-o-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol acyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase | <enzyme> Believed to be deficient in sanfilippo syndrome type b Registry number: EC 3.2.1.50 Synonym: alpha-n-acetylglucosaminidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| malonyl-CoA-acetyl CoA-acyl carrier protein S-acyltransferase | <enzyme> Specific for either malonyl-CoA or acetyl-CoA; a component of fatty acid synthase Registry number: EC 2.8.3.- Synonym: mcoa-acoa acp acyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| GM2-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase | <enzyme> May be an aspect of hexosaminidase a Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- Synonym: gm2-ag-aminidase, ganglioside gm2 hydrolase (26 Jun 1999) |