| VG | van Gieson [stain]; ventricular gallop; volume of gas |
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| WG | water gauge; Wegener granulomatosis; Wright-Giemsa [stain] |
| R-banding stain | <technique> A reverse Giemsa chromosome banding method that produces bands complementary to G-bands; induced by treatment with high temperature, low pH, or acridine orange staining; often used together with G-banding on human karyotype to determine whether there are deletions. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Marchi's stain | <technique> A staining method in which the specimen is hardened for 8 to 10 days in a modified Muller's fixative, followed by immersion for 1 to 3 weeks in the same with the addition of osmic acid; fat and degenerating nerve fibres stain black. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Verhoeff's elastic tissue stain | <technique> A stain for tissue sections in which a mixture of haematoxylin, ferric chloride, and Lugol's iodine solution is used; tissue may be counterstained, if desired, with eosin or van Gieson's stain; elastic fibres and nuclei appear blue-black to black while collagen and other components are shades of pink to red. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Masson-Fontana ammoniacal silver stain | <technique> A stain used to demonstrate melanin and argentaffin granules. Synonym: Fontana-Masson silver stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Masson's argentaffin stain | <technique> A stain used to stain enterochromaffin granules brown-black. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Masson's trichrome stain | <technique> Original composition for multicolored tissue preparations included Ponceau de xylidine, acid fuchsin, iron alum haematoxylin, and either aniline blue or fast green FCF; chromatin stains black, cytoplasm is in shades of red, granules of eosinophils and mast cells are deep red, erythrocytes are black, elastic fibres are red, and collagen fibres and mucus are dark blue (aniline blue) or green (fast green FCF); modifications substitute other dyes, such as Biebrich scarlet red and wool green stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Giemsa chromosome banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Giemsa stain | <technique> Compound of methylene blue-eosin and methylene blue used for demonstrating Negri bodies, Tunga species, spirochetes and protozoans, and differential staining of blood smears; also used for chromosomes, sometimes after hydrolyzing the cytologic preparation in hot hydrochloric acid, and for showing chromosome G bands; often used in glycerol-methanol buffer solution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Maximow's stain | <technique> For bone marrow, an alum-haematoxylin and azure II-eosin stain used to distinguish granulated leukocytes, mast cells, and cartilage. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mayer's haemalum stain | <technique> A progressive nuclear stain also used as a counterstain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mayer's mucicarmine stain | A red stain containing aluminum chloride and carmine; used to detect epithelial mucins and mucin-secreting adenocarcinomas; also used to demonstrate the capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans and other fungi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mayer's mucihematein stain | A violet-blue staining fluid containing aluminum chloride and haematein; used to detect connective tissue mucins. (05 Mar 2000) |
| May-Grunwald stain | <technique> A German equivalent of Jenner's stain, used for blood staining and in cytology; often used in combination with Giemsa stain; valuable in demonstrating parasitic flagellates. (05 Mar 2000) |
| PAS stain | <technique> A histochemical technique based on periodic acid oxidation of a substance containing the 1,2-glycol grouping. It is used for staining carbohydrates as the resulting dialdehyde reacts with Schiff reagent to form a coloured product. Substances that can be demonstrated include carbohydrates, mucins, cartilage matrix, collagen, reticulum, basement membranes, fibrin, thyroid colloid, amyloid, glomerular hyaline deposits, and a number of other secretions or tissue constituents. Also used in for staining gels on which glycoproteins have been run. See: periodic acid Schiff reaction Synonym: PAS stain. (22 Sep 2002) |
| Glenner-Lillie stain | <technique> For pituitary, a modification of Mann's methyl blue-eosin stain which changes the dye proportions, buffering the dye mixture, and staining at 60캜; basophils are stained blue to black, acidophils are dark red, chromophobe granules are gray to pink, and erythrocytes are orange; with modification, the method is also useful for enterochromaffin cells, goblet cells, Paneth cells, and pancreatic islet cells. (05 Mar 2000) |