shimming
| Wolff-Chaikoff effect | Blocking of the organic binding of iodine and its incorporation into hormone caused by large doses of iodine; usually a transient effect, but in large doses in susceptible individuals it can be prolonged and cause iodine myxoedema. Synonym: Wolff-Chaikoff effect. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Cotton effect | The positive and negative displacement from zero of the rotation of plane polarised monochromatic light and the change of monochromatic circularly polarised light into elliptically polarised light in the immediate vicinity of the absorption band of the substance through which the light passes. See: optical rotatory dispersion, circular dichroism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Crabtree effect | Inhibition of cellular respiration of isolated systems by high concentrations of glucose; a "reciprocal" of Pasteur's effect; due, in part, to the inhibition of hexokinase by elevated glucose-6-phosphate. Compare: Pasteur's effect. (05 Mar 2000) |
| position effect | A change in the phenotypic expression of one or more genes due to a change in its physical location with respect to other genes; may result from change in chromosome structure or from crossing-over. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cumulative effect | The condition in which repeated administration of a drug may produce effect's that are more pronounced than those produced by the first dose. Synonym: cumulative action. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cushing effect | A rise in systemic blood pressure when the intracranial pressure acutely increases, usually in excess of 50% of the systolic arterial pressure. Synonym: Cushing effect, Cushing response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Haldane effect | The promotion of carbon dioxide dissociation by oxygenation of haemoglobin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hall effect | <physics> Transverse electric field which develops in a conductor (as a result of the Lorentz Force acting on the charge carriers) when current is driven across a magnetic field. (13 Nov 1997) |
| halo effect | The effect (usually beneficial) that the manner, attention, and caring of a provider have on a patient during a medical encounter, regardless of what medical procedure or services the encounter involves, the influence upon an observation of the observer's perception of the characteristics of the individual observed (other than the characteristics under study) or the influence of the observer's recollection or knowledge of findings on a previous occasion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| halothane effect | <radiology> High incidence (32%) of reduction of, hepatic arterial blood flow, ** thus, halothane shouldn't be used for hepatic angio's in kids (12 Dec 1998) |
| Hawthorne effect | The effect (usually positive or beneficial) of being under study, upon the persons being studied; their knowledge of the study often influences their behaviour. Origin: city in Illinois; site of the Western Electric plant (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytopathic effect | Degenerative changes in cells (especially in tissue culture) associated with the multiplication of certain viruses; when, in tissue culture, spread of virus is restricted by an overlay of agar (or other suitable substance) the cytopathic effect may lead to formation of plaque. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytopathogenic effect, viral | Visible morphologic changes in cells infected with viruses. It includes shutdown of cellular RNA and protein synthesis, cell fusion, release of lysosomal enzymes, changes in cell membrane permeability, diffuse changes in intracellular structures, presence of viral inclusion bodies, and chromosomal aberrations. It excludes malignant transformation, which is cell transformation, viral. Viral cytopathogenic effects provide a valuable method for identifying and classifying the infecting viruses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| healthy worker effect | Phenomenon of workers' usually exhibiting overall death rates lower than those of the general population due to the fact that the severely ill and disabled are ordinarily excluded from employment. (12 Dec 1998) |
| second gas effect | When a constant concentration of an anaesthetic like halothane is inspired, the increase in alveolar concentration is accelerated by concomitant administration of nitrous oxide, because alveolar uptake of the latter creates a potential subatmospheric intrapulmonary pressure that leads to increased tracheal inflow. (05 Mar 2000) |