| thymus | <anatomy> The lymphoid organ in which T lymphocytes are educated, mature and multiply. It is composed of stroma (thymic epithelium) and lymphocytes, almost entirely of the T-cell lineage. In mammals the thymus is just anterior to the heart within the rib cage, in other vertebrates in rather undefined regions of the neck or within the gill chamber in teleost fish. The thymus regresses as the animal matures. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| thymus and parathyroids, hypoplasia of | See third and fourth pharyngeal pouch syndrome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| thymus derived lymphocyte | <haematology, immunology> A class of lymphocytes, so called because they are derived from the thymus and have been through thymic processing. Involved primarily in controlling cell-mediated immune reactions and in the control of B-cell development. The T-cells coordinate the immune system by secreting lymphokine hormones. There are 3 fundamentally different types of t cells : helper, killer, and suppressor. Each has many subdivisions. T-cells are also called t lymphocytes. They bear T-cell antigen receptors (CD3) and lack Fc or C3b receptors. Major T-cell subsets are CD4 (mainly helper cells) and CD8 (mostly cytotoxic or suppressor T-cells). Uncontrolled proliferation of this type of cell gives rise to T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. (21 Jun 1999) |
| thymus extracts | Extracts of the thymus that contain specific, but uncharacterised factors or proteins with specific activities; three distinct substances are already known: thymotoxin, thymin and thymosin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| thymus gland | A bilaterally symmetric lymphoid organ situated in the anterior superior mediastinum. Each of its two lobes consists of an outer zone, the cortex, relatively rich in lymphocytes (thymocytes), and an inner zone, the medulla, relatively rich in epithelial cells. The thymus is the site of the production of T-lymphocytes. The thymus reaches its maximal development at about puberty and then undergoes a gradual process of involution resulting in a slow decline of immune function throughout adulthood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| thymus hormones | Humoral factors secreted by the thymus gland. They participate in the development of the lymphoid system and the maturation of the cellular immune response. (12 Dec 1998) |
| thymus hyperplasia | Enlargement of the thymus. A condition described in the late 1940's and 1950's as pathological thymic hypertrophy was status thymolymphaticus and was treated with radiotherapy. Unnecessary removal of the thymus was also practiced. It later became apparent that the thymus undergoes normal physiological hypertrophy, reaching a maximum at puberty and involuting thereafter. The concept of status thymolymphaticus has been abandoned. Thymus hyperplasia is present in two thirds of all patients with myasthenia gravis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| thymus treatment | Treatment of disease by administration of extracts of thymus gland. (05 Mar 2000) |
| thymus-dependent zone | <anatomy> Mid cortical region of lymph node, area that is particularly depleted of T lymphocytes in thymectomised animals and is referred to as the thymus dependent area. (18 Nov 1997) |
| thymus-independent antigen | An antigen that does not require T helper cell activation in order for the host's B-cells to be stimulated. Repeating polymers such as polysaccharides are examples of T-independent antigens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| thyro- | <anatomy, prefix> A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with, or relation to, the thyroid body or the thyroid cartilage; as, thyrohyal. (29 Oct 1998) |
| thyroacetic acid | A degradation product of thyronine (alanine side chain reduced to acetic acid), itself a degradation product (or precursor) of thyroxine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| thyroadenitis | Synonym: thyroiditis. Origin: thyro-+ G. Aden, gland, + -itis, inflammation (05 Mar 2000) |
| thyroaplasia | Anomalies observed in individuals with congenital defects of the thyroid gland and deficiency of its secretion. Origin: thyro-+ G. A-priv. + plasis, a molding (05 Mar 2000) |
| thyroarytenoid | <anatomy> Of or pertaining to both the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages of the larynx. <muscle> Origin, inner surface of thyroid cartilage; insertion, muscular process and outer surface of arytenoid; action, decreases tension on (relaxes) vocal cords lowering the pitch of the voice tone; nerve supply, recurrent laryngeal. Synonym: musculus thyroarytenoideus, musculus thyroarytenoideus externus. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms : Cyst, Thyroglossal, Cyst, Thyroglossal Duct, Cyst, Thyrolingual, Cysts, Thyroglossal, Cysts, Thyroglossal Duct, Cysts, Thyrolingual, Thyroglossal Cysts, Thyroglossal Duct Cysts, Thyrolingual Cysts
Synonyms : Cartilage, Thyroid, Cartilages, Thyroid, Thyroid Cartilages
Synonyms : Crisis, Thyrotoxic, Crisis, Thyroid, Storm, Thyroid, Storm, Thyrotoxic
Synonyms : Disease, Thyroid, Diseases, Thyroid, Thyroid Disease
Synonyms : Thyroid Agenesis, Agenesis, Thyroid, Dysgenesis, Thyroid
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| thyroxine |
hormone produced by the thyroid glands to regulate metabolism by controlling the rate of oxidation in cells; "thyroxine is 65% iodine"
Ãâó: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| thymol blue |
an indicator, thymolsulfonphthalein, with an acid pH range of 1.2 to 2.8, being red at 1.2 and yellow at 2.8, and an alkaline pH range of 8.0 to 9.6, being yellow at 8.0 and blue at 9.6.
Ãâó: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspz...
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| thyroglossal cyst |
thyrolingual cyst, a cyst in the neck caused by persistence of portions of, or by lack of closure of, the primitive thyroglossal duct.
Ãâó: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspz...
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| thyropharyngeal muscle |
pars thyropharyngea musculi constrictoris pharyngis inferioris.
Ãâó: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspz...
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| thyroglobulin |
Thyroglobulin is a protein secreted by the thyroid gland. It is partially responsible for adolescent growth, maintaining a healthy weight and is also necessary for healthy skin and hair. Hence, a thyroglobulin deficient patient typically shows symptoms of slow speech, lack of energy, weight gain, hair loss, dry thick skin, and increased sensitivity to cold. ...
Ãâó: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroglobulin
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