| Trapp's formula | A formula to determine the number of grams of urinary solids per liter, obtained by multiplying 2.33 by the last two figures of the specific gravity of the urine. Synonym: Christison's formula, Trapp's formula, Trapp-Haser formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Jellinek formula | A method of estimating the prevalence of alcoholism in a nation's population, based on the assumption that a predictable proportion of persons addicted to alcohol die of cirrhosis of the liver. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Fischer projection formula | <biochemistry> Of sugars, representations, by projection, of cyclic sugars, or derivatives thereof, in which the carbon chain is depicted vertically. The lowest-numbered asymmetric carbon atom (C-1 in aldoses; C-2 in 2-ketoses, e.g., fructose) is drawn at the top, and the rest of the carbon atoms of the chain are drawn in sequence below the top carbon atom. For each carbon atom, depicted in projection as lying in the plane of the paper, the carbon-to-carbon bond(s), which actually point away from the viewer, are drawn as vertical lines. The left-hand and right-hand bonds of each carbon atom, which actually point toward the viewer, are, in projection, depicted as horizontal lines. The conventions for the Fischer formulas of cyclic sugars are as follows: 1) if the highest-numbered asymmetric carbon atom has its OH (or its replacement) lying to the right, as is the 2-OH of d-glyceraldehyde, the sugar has the d configuration; if the OH is to the left, the sugar has the l configuration. 2) On the anomeric carbon atom (C-1 in the aldoses; C-2 in the 2-ketoses), an OH or substituted OH that lies to the right, with the OH of the highest-numbered asymmetric carbon atom also to the right is defined to be a; if it is to the left, with the OH of the highest-numbered carbon atom still to the right, it is b; the reverse applies if the latter OH is to the left. 3) The orientation of a terminal CH2OH group in the aldoses carries no configurational significance, as it contains no asymmetric carbon atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Flesch formula | A method of determining the difficulty of a written passage by a formulation that provides an estimate of how many people in the U.S. Would be able to read and understand the passage; used in determining patient comprehension of hospital consent forms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Florschutz' formula | The correct relation of height to the abdominal circumference: L: (2B -L), L representing the individual's height, and B the circumference of the abdomen; the normal value so determined would be 5, and any below that would indicate obesity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| formula | Origin: L, dim. Of forma form, model. SeeForm. 1. A prescribed or set form; an established rule; a fixed or conventional method in which anything is to be done, arranged, or said. 2. A written confession of faith; a formal statement of foctrines. 3. <mathematics> A rule or principle expressed in algebraic language; as, the binominal formula. 4. <medicine> A prescription or recipe for the preparation of a medicinal compound. 5. <chemistry> A symbolic expression (by means of letters, figures, etc) of the constituents or constitution of a compound. Chemical formulae consist of the abbreviations of the names of the elements, with a small figure at the lower right hand, to denote the number of atoms of each element contained. <chemistry> Empirical formula, a formula indicating the supposed molecular constitution of a compound. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| formula feeding | The ability of the breast to produce milk diminishes soon after childbirth without the stimulation of breastfeeding. Immunity factors in breast milk can help the baby to fight off infections. Breast milk contains vitamins, minerals, and enzymes which aid the baby's digestion. Breast and formula feeding can be used together. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Ledermann formula | A formula to calculate alcohol dependancy levels. Ledermann showed empirically that the distribution of alcohol consumption in a population is log normal; the formula used this observation to estimate the prevalence of various degrees of alcohol dependency. Some questions have been raised about the validity of Ledermann's observations. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Long's formula | A formula for estimating from the specific gravity of a specimen of urine the approximate amount of solids in grams per liter; the last two figures of the value for specific gravity are multiplied by 2.6. Synonym: Long's coefficient. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alcian blue | <chemical> Water soluble copper phthalocyanin stain used to demonstrate acid mucopolysaccharides. By varying the ionic strength some differentiation of various types is possible. (18 Nov 1997) |
| alkaline toluidine blue O | Toluidine blue O in borax solution, used with heat on semithick sections of epoxy embedded tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aniline blue | A mixture of sulfonated triphenylmethane dyes used widely as a connective tissue stain and counterstain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| azovan blue | <chemical> 6,6'-((3,3'-dimethyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo))bis (4-amino-5-hydroxy-1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid) tetrasodium salt. An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly. Pharmacological action: dyes. Chemical name: 1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 6,6'-((3,3'-dimethyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo))bis(4-amino-5-hydroxy-, tetrasodium salt (12 Dec 1998) |
| basic fuchsin-methylene blue stain | <technique> A stain for intact epoxy sections; semi-thick sections of plastic-embedded tissues have nuclei stained purple; collagen, elastic lamina, and connective tissue are stained blue; mitochondria, myelin, and lipid droplets are stained red; cytoplasm, smooth muscle cells, axoplasm, and chrondroblasts are stained pink. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Berlin blue | Fe4(Fe(CN)6)3; ferric ferrocyanide;a dye used to colour injection masses for blood vessels and lymphatics, and in staining of siderocytes. Synonym: Prussian blue. (05 Mar 2000) |