| beta [Greek letter beta] | an anomer of a carbohydrate; buffer capacity; carbon separated from a carboxyl by one other carbon i... |
|---|---|
| D1 | diagonal one; first dorsal vertebra |
| 1-D | one-dimensional |
| DO | Doctor of Osteopathy (one of two fully recognized medical practioners in the US-the other being MD);... |
| FEV1, | FEV1 forced expiratory volume in one second |
| blood glucose | The main sugar that the body makes from the three elements of food--proteins, fats, and carbohydrates--but mostly from carbohydrates. Glucose is the major source of energy for living cells and is carried to each cell through the bloodstream. However, the cells cannot use glucose without the help of insulin. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| blood glucose meter | A machine that helps test how much glucose (sugar) is in the blood. A specially coated strip containing a fresh sample of blood is inserted in a machine, when then calculates the correct level of glucose in the blood sample and shows the result in a digital display. Some meters have a memory that can store results from multiple tests. (09 Oct 1997) |
| blood glucose monitoring | A way of testing how much glucose (sugar) is in the blood. A drop of blood, usually taken from the fingertip, is placed on the end of a specially coated strip, called a testing strip. The strip has a chemical on it that makes it change colour according to how much glucose is in the blood. A person can tell if the level of glucose is low, high, or normal in one of two ways. The first is by comparing the colour on the end of the strip to a colour chart that is printed on the side of the test strip container. The second is by inserting the strip into a small machine, called a meter, which reads the strip and shows the level of blood glucose in a digital window display. Blood testing is more accurate than urine testing in monitoring blood glucose levels because it shows what the current level of glucose is, rather than what the level was an hour or so previously. (09 Oct 1997) |
| blood glucose self-monitoring | Self evaluation of whole blood glucose levels outside the clinical laboratory. A digital or battery-operated reflectance meter may be used. It has wide application in controlling unstable insulin-dependent diabetes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| CDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose-3-dehydrase | <enzyme> A pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (pmp) dependent enzyme which catalyses the deoxygenation step in 3,6-dideoxyhexose synthesis, in which the c-3 hydroxyl group of the cdp-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-hexose intermediate is replaced by a hydrogen atom; isolated from yersinia pseudotuberculosis Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- Synonym: ckdg dehydrase, cytidine diphosphate-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose-3-dehydrase, cdp-6-deoxy-l-threo-d-glycero-4-hexulose 3-dehydrase (26 Jun 1999) |
| CDP-glucose oxidoreductase | <enzyme> From yersinia pseudotuberculosis; nad+-dependent; forms cdp-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose | <biochemistry> D glucose, a monosaccharide (hexose), C6H12O6, found in certain foodstuffs, especially fruits and in the normal blood of all animals. It is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, its utilisation being controlled by insulin. Excess glucose is converted to glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles for use as needed and, beyond that, is converted to fat and stored as adipose tissue. Glucose appears in the urine in diabetes mellitus. Synonym: dextrose. Origin: Gr. Gleukos = sweetness, glykys = sweet (14 Oct 1997) |
| glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase | <enzyme> Glycerate-1,3-p(2) + glucose -1-p yields glycerate-p + glucose-1,6-p(2) Chemical name: glucose 1,6-diphosphate synthase Registry number: EC 2.7.1.106 (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose-1-fructose-2-oxidoreductase | <enzyme> Catalyses intermolecular oxidation-reduction of glucose and fructose to form gluconolactone and sorbitol; contains tightly bound nadp as h+ carrier; does not require added cofactor Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose-1-phosphatase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of d-glucose 1-phosphate and water to d-glucose and orthophosphate Registry number: EC 3.1.3.10 Synonym: agp gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose 1-phosphate | <biochemistry> Product of glycogen breakdown by phosphorylase. Converted to glucose 6 phosphate by phosphoglucomutase. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase | <enzyme> Shrunken-2 (sh2) protein is a subunit of this enzyme Registry number: EC 2.7.7.27 Synonym: adpg synthetase, adpglucose pyrophosphorylase, ADP-glucose synthetase, shrunken-2 protein, shrunken gene product, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, glgc gene product, bt2 gene product, brittle-2 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose-1-phosphate kinase | <enzyme> An enzyme that, in the presence of ATP, catalyses the phosphorylation of d-glucose 1-phosphate to form d-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate and ADP; found in yeast and muscle; d-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate is a required cofactor of one of the enzymes in glycogenolysis. Synonym: glucose-1-phosphate kinase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glucose-1-phosphate phosphodismutase | A phosphotransferase catalyzing the reversible transfer of a phosphate residue from one d-glucose 1-phosphate to another, yielding d-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate and d-glucose. This enzyme provides a crucial intermediate needed for glucose-phosphate isomerase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that activates d-glucose by reacting d-glucose 1-phosphate with UTP, producing pyrophosphate and UDP glucose; a crucial step in glycogen biosynthesis. (05 Mar 2000) |