| DNA cloning | The use of DNA manipulation procedures to produce multiple copies of a single gene or segment of DNA. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| DNA, complementary | Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesised from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. Cdna (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not c-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the transfer of a methyl group from s-adenosylmethionine to the 5-position of cytosine or to the 6-position in adenine in mammalian DNA. Chemical name: S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.1.1.37 (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA damage | Drug- or radiation-induced injuries in DNA that introduce deviations from its normal double-helical conformation. These changes include structural distortions which interfere with replication and transcription, as well as point mutations which disrupt base pairs and exert damaging effects on future generations through changes in DNA sequence. If the damage is minor, it can often be repaired (DNA repair). If the damage is extensive, it can induce apoptosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA delta-helicase | <enzyme> From foetal calf thymus; partially copurifies with DNA polymerase delta; also has DNA-dependent atpase activity Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA deoxyribophosphodiesterase | <enzyme> From E coli; catalyses the release of deoxyribose phosphate residues from polydeoxyribonucleotide 5'-termini Registry number: EC 3.1.4.- Synonym: drpase (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA diagnosis | <molecular biology> The use of DNA polymorphisms to detect the presence of a disease gene. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA diagnostics | Identifying foetuses or infants afflicted with hereditary diseases or conditions, and carriers of recessive disorders by means of DNA analysis. See: DNA markers, familial screening, prenatal screening. Synonym: genetic testing. (05 Mar 2000) |
| DNA duplex | <molecular biology> The double-stranded DNA molecule, which has a double helix (usually right-handed) structure. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA entry nuclease | <chemical> Mw 75kda; from membranes of competent bacillus subtilis cells; shows DNA-binding and nuclease activity; believed to be involved in entry of DNA into competent b subtilis cells (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA excision | <molecular biology> The removal of a damaged segment of a DNA molecule by a group of DNA repair enzymes in order to repair the molecule. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA filter assay | <molecular biology> A lab technique used to identify the complementary base sequences of DNA. It involves immobilising the DNA on a filter and putting it in a solution that contains radioactively-labelled probe DNA or RNA molecules. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA fingerprint | <molecular biology> The unique pattern of DNA fragments identified by Southern hybridisation (using a probe that binds to a polymorphic region of DNA) or by polymerase chain reaction (using primers flanking the polymorphic region). (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA fingerprinting | <molecular biology> See restriction fragment length polymorphism. (18 Nov 1997) |
| DNA footprinting | <molecular biology> Technique for identifying the recognition site of DNA binding proteins: See: footprinting. (18 Nov 1997) |