| DNA sequence analysis | <molecular biology> Determination of the nucleotide sequence of a length of DNA. Typically, this is performed by cloning the DNA of interest, so that enough can be prepared to allow the sequence to be determined, usually by the Sanger dideoxy chain temination or Maxam Gilbert chain degradation techniques. The resulting reactions are then run on a large sequencing gel, capable of resolving single nucleotide differences in chain length. Recently, PCR based methods have obviated the need to clone the DNA under some conditions and automated DNA sequencing has become widely available. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| DNA sequence, unstable | DNA region comprised of a variable number of repetitive, contiguous trinucleotide sequences. Presence of these regions is associated with diseases such as fragile x syndrome and myotonia atrophica. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA sequencing | <molecular biology> Any lab technique used to find out the sequence of nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule or fragment. Examples are dideoxy sequencing and Maxam-Gilbert sequencing. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA shearing | <molecular biology> The tearing apart of unusually long DNA molecules by mechanical rather than chemical means, sometimes by accident when the molecule is being prepared in the lab for testing. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA supercoiling | <molecular biology> The condition of DNA coiling up onitself because its helix has been bent, overwound or underwound. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA synaptase | <enzyme> Fuses double stranded DNA molecules at a region of homology Registry number: EC 6.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA synthesis | <molecular biology> The linking together of nucleotides (as deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates) to form DNA. In vivo, most synthesis is DNA replication, but incorporation of precursors also occurs in repair. In the special case of retroviruses, DNA synthesis is directed by an RNA template (see reverse transcriptase). (18 Nov 1997) |
| DNA synthesiser | <molecular biology> A machine which automatically makes short, artificial polynucleotides or oligonucleotides with any desired sequence of nucleotide bases. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA technology, recombinant | A series of procedures used to join together (recombine) DNA segments. A recombinant DNA molecule is constructed (recombined) from segments from 2 or more different DNA molecules. Under certain conditions, a recombinant DNA molecule can enter a cell and replicate there, autonomously (on its own) or after it has become integrated into a chromosome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA topoisomerase | <enzyme, molecular biology> An enzyme capable of altering the degree of supercoiling of double stranded DNA molecules. Various topoisomerases can increase or relax supercoiling, convert single stranded rings to intertwined double stranded rings, tie and untie knots in single stranded and duplex rings, catenate and decatenate duplex rings. Topoisomerase II of E. Coli = gyrase. (18 Nov 1997) |
| DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) | <enzyme> An ATP-requiring enzyme which, in the presence of magnesium ions, introduces negative supertwists into closed and possibly linear duplex DNA. The enzyme is implicated in DNA replication and transcription. It causes the storage of mechanical strain energy in the superhelical turns of DNA at the expense of ATP hydrolysis. Chemical name: DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) Registry number: EC 5.99.1.3 (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA transfection | <molecular biology> A technique originally developed to allow viral infection of animal cells by uptake of purified viral DNA rather than by intact virus particles. Term is now generally used to describe applications of same methodology to introduction of other kinds of genes or gene fragments into cells as DNA, such as activated oncogenes from tumours into tissue culture cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
| DNA tumour virus | <oncology, virology> Virus with DNA genome that can cause tumours in animals. Examples are Papovaviridae, Adenoviridae and Epstein Barr virus. (18 Nov 1997) |
| DNA tumour viruses | DNA viruses producing malignant tumours. Of the six major groupings of DNA viruses four contain members which are actually or potentially oncogenic: the adenoviridae, the herpesviridae, the papovaviridae, and the poxviridae. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA twisting | <molecular biology> The coiling of a double-stranded DNA molecule in the opposite direction than the direction that the helix turns. (09 Oct 1997) |
| UlTma DNA polymerase | <enzyme> A thermostable DNA polymerase with putative proofreading activity Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- (26 Jun 1999) |
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| Z-DNA | <molecular biology> A form of DNA, or a region of DNA, in which the helix is flipped into a lefthanded helix, characterised by alternating purines and pyrimidines. This region is thought to be the target of a DNA-binding protein. (20 Jun 2000) |
| zero time-binding DNA | DNA that has become the duplex form at the start of a reassociation process. Acronym: DNA (05 Mar 2000) |
| unique DNA | <molecular biology> Any nucleotide sequence in DNA that is found only once in a given genome. (09 Oct 1997) |
| unscheduled DNA synthesis | <cell biology, molecular biology> Any synthesis of DNA that happens ouside the S phase of the cell cycle. (13 Nov 1997) |
| uracil-DNA glycosidase | <enzyme> Catalyses hydrolysis of n-glycosidic bond of damaged nucleotide residues to give free uracil and partly depyrimidinated DNA of unaltered chain length; does not cleave phosphodiester bonds; a DNA repair enzyme Registry number: EC 3.2.2.- Synonym: ura-DNA glycosidase, uracil-DNA glycosylase, uracil n-glycosidase, ura-DNA glycosylase, uracil n-glycosylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| foldback DNA | <molecular biology> Sections of single-stranded DNA which have sequences that are palindromes, or which read the same both backwards and forwards, that may base pair with each other instead of with the right sections of the other strand during renaturation into double-stranded DNA. (09 Oct 1997) |
| 5-methylcytosine-DNA glycosylase | <enzyme> Binds equally well to methylated and non-methylated DNA; isolated from developing chicken embryos and mouse fibroblasts; mw 52.5 kD Registry number: EC 3.2.2.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin-dependent DNA photolyase | <enzyme> From anacystis nidulans; purified in streptomyces coelicolor; distinguish from folate-dependent DNA photolyase Registry number: EC 4.1.99.- Synonym: 8-hdfd-DNA photolyase (26 Jun 1999) |
| formamidopyridine-DNA glycosylase | <enzyme> Substrate is the ring-opened form of 7-methylguanine; has been sequenced; genbank af026691 Registry number: EC 3.2.2.23 Synonym: fap-DNA glycosylase, fapy-DNA glycosylase, formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase, 8-hydroxyguanine DNA glycosylase, 8-hydroxyguanine endonuclease, 8-oh-gua endonuclease, fpg protein, E coli, fpg gene product, E coli, mutm protein, oh8 guanine excision repair enzyme, ogg1 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| forms of DNA i, II and III | Refers to circular DNA removed from viruses and as plasmids. Form I is the DNA in its normal, supercoiled form. Form II is the DNA after one of the two strands has been nicked (cut apart), and is circular. Form III is the DNA after both strands have been broken, and is linear. (09 Oct 1997) |
| linker DNA | The DNA found between nucleosomes on chromatin; since it is not complexed to proteins as strongly as other forms of DNA, it is accessible to exonuclease hydrolysis. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms : DNA Dependent DNA Polymerase III, Polymerase III, DNA, Polymerase delta, DNA
Synonyms : Bacteriophage T7 Gene 4 Protein, DnaG (Primase), DnaG Gene Product, DnaG Protein, T7 DNA Primase-Helicase Protein, T7 DNA-Priming Protein, T7 gene-4 protein, DNA-Priming Protein, T7, Primase, DNA, Protein, T7 DNA-Priming, T7 DNA Primase Helicase Protein
Synonyms : Primers, DNA, Primers, Oligodeoxyribonucleotide, Primers, Oligonucleotide
Synonyms : Conserved Gene Probes, DNA Hybridization Probes, Whole Chromosomal Probes, Whole Genomic DNA Probes, Chromosomal Probes, Whole, DNA Gene Probes, Gene Probes, Conserved, Hybridization Probes, DNA, Probes, Chromosomal, Probes, Conserved Gene, Probes, DNA
Synonyms : HLA-A DNA Probes, HLA-B DNA Probes, HLA-C DNA Probes, HLA-D DNA Probes, HLA-DR DNA Probes, HLA-Dw DNA Probes, DNA Probes, HLA-A, DNA Probes, HLA-B, DNA Probes, HLA-C, DNA Probes, HLA-D, DNA Probes, HLA-DR, DNA Probes, HLA-Dw, HLA A DNA Probes, HLA B DNA Probes
| DNA fingerprinting |
Description: A technique for identifying individual organisms based upon the uniqueness of their DNA pattern. The technique has applications in forensics, paternity testing, anthropology, conservation biology and ecological research. Source: Specialized encyclopedia and dictionaries
출처: europa.eu.int/comm/research/biosociety/library/glo...
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| DNA ligase |
Description: An enzyme that rejoins cut pieces of DNA. Source: Specialized encyclopedia and dictionaries
출처: europa.eu.int/comm/research/biosociety/library/glo...
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| DNA |
A chain of nucleotides (cytosine, guanine, adenine, or thymine) linked with ribose sugar molecules that form the basis of genetic material. Specific patterns of nucleotides represent particular genes.
출처: www.alz.org/Resources/Glossary.asp
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| DNA |
The double-stranded, helical molecular chain found within the nucleus of each cell. DNA carries the genetic information that encodes proteins and enables cell to reproduce and perform their functions.
출처: www.sabin.org/vaccine_science_GlossaryB_D.htm
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| DNA vaccine |
Direct injection of a gene(s) coding for a specific antigenic protein(s), resulting in direct production of such antigen(s) within the vaccine recipient in order to trigger an appropriate immune response.
출처: www.sabin.org/vaccine_science_GlossaryB_D.htm
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