| 영문 | Buerger disease | 한글 | 버거병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 말초 동맥과 정맥에 염증을 일으키는 병. 청장년층의 남자에게 잘 걸리는 다리 동맥에 생기는 병으로 동맥이 막히고 통증 때문에 발을 절기도 하는데 원인은 알려져 있지 않다. 병명은 이 병을 최초로 상세하게 보고한 미국의 의사 L. 버거(1879~1943)의 이름에서 연유한다. 동양인에게 많은 병으로, 대부분 젊은 남성, 특히 장년기 남성에게서 나타난다. 원인은 알 수 없으나 흡연이 병의 악화를 초래한다. 사지의 동맥과 정맥에 염증이 일어나 혈전이 생기면 내강을 막아 혈액이 흐르지 못하게 되어 그 앞의 말초조직이 괴사에 빠지거나 손발이 차갑고, 손가락-발가락이 보라색 또는 검은색으로 변한다. 또, 이 증세가 계속되는 동안 손발가락에 통증이 일어나고 궤양이 발생한다. 치료는 증세의 정도와 폐색된 혈관의 부위에 따라 연고를 바르거나 혈관확장제-순환개선제-혈소판응집억제제를 사용하나, 어떤 치료도 효과가 없을 경우 손발가락의 소절단, 드물게는 무릎 이하의 대절단을 해야 한다. 일반적으로 이 병의 예후는 양호하여 혈류가 회복되고 궤양만 치료되면 재발이 적다. |
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| 영문 | Behcet disease | 한글 | 베체트병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심한 포도막염, 망막혈관염, 시각신경위축, 구강-성기의 아프타성 궤양, 광범위한 혈관염의 징후와 증상을 나타낸다. 원인불명의 희귀한 병으로 젊은 남자에게 잘 발생한다. |
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| 영문 | congenital heart disease | 한글 | 선천심장병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 선천적으로 심장의 구조에 이상이 있는 병. |
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| 영문 | venereal disease, sexually transmitted diseases | 한글 | 성병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 보편적으로 성교 또는 성기접촉에 의해 걸리는 접촉 전염병으로 매독, 임질, 무른궤양, 샅굴육아종 등을 말한다. 치료는 원인균에 따른 적절한 항생요법이다. |
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| 영문 | VDRL(venereal disease research laboratory) | 한글 | 성병 연구실험실 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 매독균의 reagin에 대한 항체. 매독의 선별검사로 사용되며 매독 치료에 대한 반응 여부와 치료효과 판정에도 사용된다. 매독외에도 전신성홍반성낭창, 류마티스관절염 등에서도 양성으로 나타날 수 있다. |
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| IT | immunological test; immunotherapy; implantation test; individual therapy; information technology; in... |
|---|---|
| LFT | latex fixation test; latex flocculation test; left fronto-transverse [fetal position]; liver functio... |
| LTT | lactose tolerance test; leucine tolerance test; limited treadmill test; lymphocyte transformation te... |
| SAT | saliva alcohol test; satellite; serum antitrypsin; single-agent chemotherapy; slide agglutination te... |
| SRT | sedimentation rate test; simple reaction time; sinus node recovery time; sitting root test; speech r... |
| Johne's bacillus | A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria non-pathogenic for humans. It is the aetiologic agent of johne's disease (see paratuberculosis). (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| typhoid bacillus | A serotype of salmonella enterica which is the aetiologic agent of typhoid. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Kitasato's bacillus | The bacterial cause of the bubonic plague which in the year 541 (as the black death) and later in the middle ages decimated europe. The effects of the plague are described in the nursery rhyme we all fall down. It is transmitted to humans by the bite of fleas that have fed on infected animals, mostly rodents. Plague occurs in the u.s. It is treatable with antibiotics but, if not treated promptly, can promptly lead to death. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Klebs-Loeffler bacillus | <bacteria> A species of gram-positive, asporogenous bacteria in which three cultural types are recognised. These types (gravis, intermedius, and mitis) were originally given in accordance with the clinical severity of the cases from which the different strains were most frequently isolated. This species is the causative agent of diphtheria. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Koch's bacillus | The Gram-positive bacterium that causes tuberculosis. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Koch-Weeks bacillus | <bacteria> Bacterium sometimes associated with influenza virus infections, causes pneumonia and meningitis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Flexner's bacillus | A bacterium which is one of the aetiologic agents of bacillary dysentery (dysentery, bacillary) and sometimes of infantile gastroenteritis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lactic acid bacillus | A member of the genus Lactobacillus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Friedlander's bacillus | Gram-negative, non-motile, capsulated, gas-producing rods found widely in nature and associated with urinary and respiratory infections in man. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Friedlander's bacillus pneumonia | Pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, the Friedlander bacillus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| leprosy bacillus | A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that causes leprosy in man. Its organisms are generally arranged in clumps, rounded masses, or in groups of bacilli side by side. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Loeffler's bacillus | <bacteria> A species of gram-positive, asporogenous bacteria in which three cultural types are recognised. These types (gravis, intermedius, and mitis) were originally given in accordance with the clinical severity of the cases from which the different strains were most frequently isolated. This species is the causative agent of diphtheria. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Abbe test plate | <equipment> A long, wedge-shaped coverslip about 0.20 mm thick at one end and 0.10 to 0.12 mm at the other end coated chemically with a silver film on which are ruled horizontal lines. at each variation in thickness of 0.01 mm there are vertical lines. By means of oblique illumination and by focusing on different portions of the plate, it is possible to determine the optimum coverslip thickness for any objective and also, for microscopes with drawtubes, the tube length for best objective performance. The approximate freedom from spherical and chromatic aberrations can also be estimated. Small isolated bits of silver near the edges of the lines form good objects for the star test (05 Aug 1998) |
| acetone test | A test for ketonuria; the suspected urine is shaken up with a few drops of sodium nitroprusside, and strong ammonia water is then gently poured over the mixture; if acetone is present, a magenta ring forms at the line of contact; tablets containing sodium nitroprusside and alkali are now more commonly used. (05 Mar 2000) |
| achievement test | A standardised test used to measure acquired learning, e.g., competence in a specific subject area such as reading or arithmetic, in contrast to an intelligence test which is a useful index of potential ability or learning. (05 Mar 2000) |