| 영문 | fetal alcohol syndrome | 한글 | 태아알코올증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 임신기간 중 만성적으로 알코올을 섭취한 여자에게서 태어난 영아에게 나타나는 형태발생의 이상을 나타내는 증후군으로서 위턱뼈발육부전, 앞머리와 아래턱의 돌출, 짧은검열, 작은안구증, 눈구석주름, 심한 성장지연, 정신지체 등을 나타낸다. |
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| 영문 | Horner syndrome | 한글 | 호르너증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 교감신경경로의 장애로 생기는 병이다. 교감신경은 자율신경의 하나로 온몸에 분포를 한다. 특히 얼굴쪽에는 눈꺼플을 올리는 근육과 땀샘에 분포하고 있다. 이와 같은 교감신경의 작용으로 눈꺼풀을 정상적으로 올리고 얼굴에 땀이 나오게 된다. 그 외에도 눈의 빛의 양을 조절하는 홍채를 수축시키는 근육에 분포해서 그 작용으로 눈의 홍채가 수축하여 동공이 커지게 된다. 교감신경은 그 기원이 대뇌속에 존재하는 시상하부라는 곳이고 이곳에서 시작한 교감신경은 척수를 타고 내려와서 목부위에서 척수를 빠져나와서 교감신경을 줄기를 형성하여 다시 뇌로 가는 혈관을 따라서 얼굴쪽으로 가게된다. 만약 이 교감신경의 주행부위에 병변이 생기면 그쪽의 얼굴에 교감신경이 차단되므로 병터쪽의 눈의 눈꺼풀쳐짐, 축동 그리고 병변측 얼굴부의 땀이 나지 않는 것 등의 증상을 나타나게 된다. 이런 현상을 호르너증후군이라고 한다. 이것은 여러 가지 병에서 나타날 수가 있는데 뇌나 척수의 질환중에서 이 교감신경로를 압박하거나 침범하는 병에서 생길 수도 있으며, 또는 폐암이 척수에서 빠져나와 목부분에서 이룬 교감신경의 줄기를 누를 경우에도 생길 수도 있다. |
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| 영문 | respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) | 한글 | 호흡곤란증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 폐포와 폐모세혈관 사이에 부종으로 인한 확산능 감소로 호흡곤란과 청색증을 보이는 상태로 감염, 수술, 외상 등 모든 종류의 스트레스상황에서 발생할 수 있다. 치료는 선행 요인의 교정과 적절한 혈액내 산소농도 유지이다. |
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| CS | calf serum; campomelic syndrome; carcinoid syndrome; cardiogenic shock; caries-susceptible; carotid ... |
|---|---|
| PCS | palliative care service; Patient Care System; patterns of care study; pelvic congestion syndrome; ph... |
| IAS | immunosuppressive acidic substance; infant apnea syndrome; insulin autoimmune syndrome; interatrial ... |
| SA | salicylic acid; saline [solution]; salt added; sarcoidosis; sarcoma; scalenus anticus; secondary ame... |
| PIS | preinfarction syndrome; primary immunodeficiency syndrome; Provisional International Standard |
| acquired nevus | A melanocytic nevus that is not visible at birth, but appears in childhood or adult life. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| acquired pellicle | A thin film (about 1 um), derived mainly from salivary glycoproteins, which forms over the surface of a cleansed tooth crown when it is exposed to the saliva. Synonym: acquired cuticle, acquired enamel cuticle, brown pellicle, posteruption cuticle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired platelet function defect | <haematology> Platelet function can be affected by a number of different disease processes including polycythaemia vera, leukaemia, myelofibrosis, renal failure, multiple myeloma and some medications (for example penicillins, salicylates, phenothiazines). Disturbed blood clotting can be manifested by: easy bruising, bleeding gums, nosebleeds, abnormal vaginal bleeding, rectal bleeding, skin rash, vomiting blood, coughing up blood or blood in the urine. A measure of bleeding time and coagulation profile will be part of the evaluation. (29 Dec 1997) |
| acquired reflex | A reflex that is gradually developed by training and association through the frequent repetition of a definite stimulus. See: conditioning. Synonym: acquired reflex, behaviour reflex, trained reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired sensitivity | 1. <immunology> A state of hypersensitivity induced by exposure to a particular antigen (allergen) resulting in harmful immunologic reactions on subsequent exposures, the term is usually used to refer to hypersensitivity to an environmental antigen (atopic allergy or contact dermatitis) or to drug allergy. The original meaning, now obsolete, included all states of altered immunologic reactivity, immunity as well as hypersensitivity. Gell and Coombs used the term allergic reaction to mean any harmful immunologic reaction causing tissue injury. 2. <study> The medical specialty dealing with diagnosis and treatment of allergic disorders. (18 Nov 1997) |
| acquired toxoplasmosis | In adults, a form of toxoplasmosis that may result in fever, encephalomyelitis, chorioretinopathy, maculopapular rash, arthralgia, myalgia, myocarditis, and pneumonitis; a lymphadenopathic form seems to be more prevalent in adults, and such persons may manifest fever, lymphadenopathy, malaise, and headache, a form frequently found in patients with AIDS. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired trichoepithelioma | An enlarged follicular opening of the skin, with a keratinous plug and occasional lanugo or mature hair. Synonym: acquired trichoepithelioma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| community-acquired infections | Any infection acquired in the community, that is, contrasted with those acquired in a health care facility (cross infection). An infection would be classified as community-acquired if the patient had not recently been in a health care facility or been in contact with someone who had been recently in a health care facility. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hospital acquired pneumonia | A type of pneumonia that is caused by bacteria contracted during a hospitalisation. These hospital-acquired infections tend to be more difficult to treat due to the bacteria's relative resistance to common forms of antibiotic therapy. Risk of nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infection is a major determinant when a physician decides whether or not the risks outweigh the benefits concerning necessity for hospitalisation. (27 Sep 1997) |
| nose deformities, acquired | Deformities of the nose acquired after birth from injury or disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
| dyslexia, acquired | Loss of previously possessed reading facility, visual aphasia, or word blindness due to a brain lesion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| immunity, maternally-acquired | Resistance to a disease-causing agent induced by the introduction of maternal immunity into the foetus by transplacental transfer or into the neonate through colostrum and milk. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ear deformities, acquired | Distortion or disfigurement of the ear caused by disease or injury after birth. (12 Dec 1998) |
| joint deformities, acquired | Deformities acquired after birth as the result of injury or disease. The joint deformity is often associated with rheumatoid arthritis and leprosy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| foot deformities, acquired | Distortion or disfigurement of the foot, or a part of the foot, acquired through disease or injury after birth. (12 Dec 1998) |