| respiratory ataxia | Completely irregular breathing pattern, with continually variable rate and depth of breathing; results from lesions in the respiratory centres in the brainstem, extending from the dorsomedial medulla caudally to the obex. Synonym: ataxic breathing, Biot's breathing, respiratory ataxia. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| respiratory bronchioles | The smallest bronchioles (0.5 mm in diameter) that connect the terminal bronchioles to alveolar ducts; alveoli rise from part of the wall. Synonym: bronchioli respiratorii. (05 Mar 2000) |
| respiratory burst | <biochemistry> Response of phagocytes to particles (particularly if opsonise d) and to agonists such as formyl peptides and phorbol esters, an enhanced uptake of oxygen leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, all of which play a part in bactericidal activity. Defects in the metabolic burst, as in chronic granulomatous disease, predispose to infection particularly with catalase positive bacteria and are usually fatal in childhood. (27 Jun 1999) |
| respiratory capacity | <chest medicine, physiology> The volume of gas that can be expelled from the lungs from a position of full inspiration, with no limit to the duration of expiration, it is equal to the inspiratory capacity plus the expiratory reserve volume. (11 Nov 1997) |
| respiratory care unit | The hospital unit in which patients with respiratory conditions requiring special attention receive intensive medical care and surveillance. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory centre | The region in the medulla oblongata concerned with integrating afferent information to determine the signals to the respiratory muscles; the inspiratory and expiratory centre's considered together. (05 Mar 2000) |
| respiratory chain | The mitochondrial electron transport chain. (18 Nov 1997) |
| respiratory circulation | The mechanisms of pulmonary circulation coordinated with the heart and systemic circulation. It involves the flow or interruption of the flow of blood to the lungs as it affects respiration. Pulmonary circulation, a circulatory concept, emphasizes the passage of blood from the right to the left heart through the lungs. Respiratory circulation coordinates this with heart action, systemic circulation, and breathing. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory coefficient | <physiology> Molar ratio of carbon dioxide production to oxygen consumption. (18 Nov 1997) |
| respiratory dead space | That portion of the respiratory tract, from the nose and mouth to the terminal bronchioles, in which exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide does not occur (anatomical dead space), together with the space in alveoli occupied by air that does not participate in oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange (physiologic dead space). It reflects the nonuniformity of ventilation and perfusion in the lung. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory distress syndrome | <syndrome> A condition of the newborn marked by dyspnea with cyanosis, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory distress syndrome, adult | A syndrome of life-threatening progressive pulmonary insufficiency in the absence of known pulmonary disease, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major trauma. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn | A disease seen especially in premature neonates with respiratory distress; characterised postmortem by atelectasis and alveolar ducts lined by an eosinophilic membrane; also associated with reduced amounts of lung surfactant. Synonym: hyaline membrane syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn. (05 Mar 2000) |
| respiratory enteric orphan virus | A nonenveloped icosahedral virus whose genome consists of double stranded RNA, belonging to the family Reoviridae, frequently found in both the respiratory and enteric tract. Synonym: REO virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| respiratory enzyme | One of those enzyme's in tissues that is a part of an oxidation-reduction system accomplishing the conversion of substrates to CO2 and H2O and the transfer of the electrons removed to O2. (05 Mar 2000) |