| metaplastic anaemia | Pernicious anaemia in which the various formed elements in the blood are changed, e.g., multisegmented, unusually large neutrophils (macropolycytes), immature myeloid cells, bizarre platelets. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia | <haematology> Consequence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): fragments of red blood cells, damaged by being forced through a fibrin meshwork, are found in the circulation. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (18 Nov 1997) |
| microcytic anaemia | Any anaemia in which the average size of circulating erythrocytes is smaller than normal, i.e., the mean corpuscular volume is 80 cu um or less (normal range, 82 to 92 cu um). (05 Mar 2000) |
| microdrepanocytic anaemia | Anaemia, clinically resembling sickle cell anaemia, in which individuals are compound heterozygous for the sickle cell gene and a thalassaemia gene; about 60 to 80% of haemoglobin is Hb S, up to 20% Hb F, and the remainder Hb anaemia. Synonym: sickle cell-thalassaemia disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| milk anaemia | A type of hypochromic microcytic anaemia, resulting from deficiency of iron, occurring in infants maintained on a milk diet for too long a time. (05 Mar 2000) |
| physiologic anaemia | An obsolete term for apparent anaemia caused by increased fluid volume of the blood (overhydration). (05 Mar 2000) |
| mountain anaemia | Term sometimes used for mountain sickness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital anaemia | <haematology> A condition which develops in the foetus due to an incompatibility between the mother's blood type (RH factor) and the baby's. Maternal antibodies, which enter the foetal circulation during delivery attack the baby's red blood cells leading to haemolysis (rupture of the cells). Symptoms include an infant with an enlarged liver and spleen, swelling, jaundice and anaemia. (27 Sep 1997) |
| congenital aplastic anaemia | <haematology> A rare inherited type of aplastic anaemia which carries an increased risk to the patient of developing leukaemia. May be treated by bone marrow transplant. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (13 Nov 1997) |
| congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia | A group of autosomal recessive anaemia's characterised by ineffective erythropoiesis, bone marrow erythroblastic multinuclearity, and secondary haemochromatosis. Three types are described: Type I, macrocytic, megaloblastic anaemia with erythroblastic internuclear chromatin bridges, type II,, normoblastic anaemia with multinucleated erythroblasts, type III, macrocytic anaemia with erythroblastic multinuclearity and gigantoblasts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital haemolytic anaemia | Accelerated destruction of red blood cells due to an inherited defect, such as in the membrane in hereditary spherocytosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital hypoplastic anaemia | Congenital nonregenerative, familial hypoplastic, or pure red cell anaemia; erythrogenesis imperfecta; Diamond-Blackfan syndrome; autosomal recessive normocytic normochromic anaemia resulting from congenital hypoplasia of the bone marrow, which is grossly deficient in erythroid precursors while other elements are normal; anaemia is progressive and severe, but leukocyte and platelet counts are normal or slightly reduced; survival of transfused erythrocytes is normal; minor congenital anomalies are found in some patients. Synonym: congenital nonregenerative anaemia, Diamond-Blackfan anaemia, Diamond-Blackfan syndrome, erythrogenesis imperfecta, familial hypoplastic anaemia, pure red cell anaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital nonregenerative anaemia | Congenital nonregenerative, familial hypoplastic, or pure red cell anaemia; erythrogenesis imperfecta; Diamond-Blackfan syndrome; autosomal recessive normocytic normochromic anaemia resulting from congenital hypoplasia of the bone marrow, which is grossly deficient in erythroid precursors while other elements are normal; anaemia is progressive and severe, but leukocyte and platelet counts are normal or slightly reduced; survival of transfused erythrocytes is normal; minor congenital anomalies are found in some patients. Synonym: congenital nonregenerative anaemia, Diamond-Blackfan anaemia, Diamond-Blackfan syndrome, erythrogenesis imperfecta, familial hypoplastic anaemia, pure red cell anaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital spherocytic anaemia | <haematology> A hereditary disorder that leads to a chronic haemolytic anaemia due to an abnormality in the red blood cell membrane. This disorder is caused by a defective gene. Red cells are resistant to stress and rupture easily. Infants may appear jaundiced and pale. Fatigue, weakness and shortness of breath are other symptoms that may be seen in older patients. The spleen may also be enlarged. Treatment includes splenectomy (removal of the spleen). After this is accomplished the life-span of the red blood cells returns to normal. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| Cooley's anaemia | <haematology> A genetic disease that results when there is a defect in the synthesis of one (or more) of the subunits of haemoglobin. The subunits are referred to as alpha or beta globin chains. As a result of a genetic defect red blood cells are small and hypochromic (low haemoglobin in the cell). Anaemia is common. Incidence is approximately 4 out of 100,000 individuals. Genetic testing is recommended in pregnant females of Mediterranean descent for the purpose of identifying carriers of this potentially serious genetic disease. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |