| cytotropic antibody test | A rosette test for macrophage cytotropic antibody: monolayers of macrophages are exposed first to antibody cytotropic for macrophages, then to the antigen (for which the antibody is specific), and indicator sheep erythrocytes; if the antibody is specific for sheep erythrocytes, the latter will form a rosette around the macrophages directly, but if not, and the antigen is soluble, the antigen must be coupled to the sheep erythrocytes by an agent such as bis-diazotised benzidine. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| primary antibody response | <immunology> Antibodies made upon first exposure to an antigen, mostly of the class IgM. (05 Mar 1998) |
| heterocytotropic antibody | A cytotropic antibody (chiefly of the IgG class) similar in activity to homocytotropic antibody, but having an affinity for cells of a different species rather than for cells of the same or a closely related species. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heterogenetic antibody | An antibody that reacts to a heterogenetic antigen. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heterophil antibody | A heterogenetic antibody specific for the Forssman group of heterogenetic antigens. Synonym: heterophil antibody, heterophile antibody. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heterophile antibody | <immunology> An antibody raised against an antigen from one species that also reacts against antigens from other species. Also used of Forssman type systems where antibody against antigens from a variety of species is present without immunisation. (18 Nov 1997) |
| heterospecific antibody | <immunology> Artificially produced antibody in which the two antigen binding sites are for different antigens. (18 Nov 1997) |
| secondary antibody deficiency | Immunodeficiency in which there is no evident defect in the lymphoid tissues, but rather hypercatabolism or loss of immunoglobulins such as occurs in familial idiopathic hypercatabolic hypoproteinaemia or in defects associated with the nephrotic syndrome. Synonym: secondary agammaglobulinaemia, secondary antibody deficiency, secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| secondary antibody response | An antibody made upon second (subsequent) exposure to an antigen, mostly of the class IgG. (09 Oct 1997) |
| homocytotropic antibody | <immunology> A type of antibody which is able to attach itself to the surfaces of cells without needing specific combining sites. A homocytotropic antibody will only bind to cells which are from the same species as itself. (09 Oct 1997) |
| hybrid antibody | <immunology> Artificially produced antibody made by fusing hybridomas producing two different antibodies, the hybrid cells produce three different antibodies, only one of which is a heterophilic antibody. Can also be prepared chemically from two antibodies. (18 Nov 1997) |
| hyperimmune antibody | An antibody which occurs in a hyperimmune individual and which targets the antigen that has brought on the hyperimmunity. (09 Oct 1997) |
| natural antibody | Antibody demonstrable in the serum or plasma of various persons or animals not known to have been stimulated by specific antigen, either artificially or as the result of naturally occurring contact. Synonym: natural antibody. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neutralizing antibody | A form of antibody that reacts with an infectious agent (usually a virus) and destroys or inhibits its infectivity and virulence; may be demonstrated by means of mixing serum with the suspension of infectious agent, and then injecting the mixture into animals or cell cultures that are susceptible to the agent in question. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nonprecipitable antibody | Antibody that, under conditions normally employed in precipitin tests, is refractory to precipitation by specific antibody, demonstrable when antigen is added serially in small amounts; nonprecipitating antibody will precipitate under special conditions such as addition of complement. Synonym: nonprecipitable antibody. (05 Mar 2000) |