| MHD | maintenance hemodialysis; mean hemolytic dose; mental health department; minimum hemolytic dilution;... |
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| MLD | manual lymph drainage; median lethal dose; metachromatic leukodystrophy; minimal lesion disease; min... |
| MPD | main pancreatic duct; maximum permissible dose; mean population doubling; membrane potential differe... |
| MTD | maximum tolerated dose; mean total dose; metastatic trophoblastic disease; Midwife Teacher's Diploma... |
| PD | Doctor of Pharmacy; Dublin Pharmacopoeia; interpupillary distance; Paget disease; pancreatic duct; p... |
| optimum dose | The dose of a drug or radiation that will produce the desired effect with minimum likelihood of undesirable symptoms. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| therapeutic dose | The quantity of any substance required to effect the cure of a disease or that will correct the manifestations of a deficiency of a particular factor in the diet, effective dose used with therapeutically applied compounds. Synonym: therapeutic dose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| effective dose | The dose that produces the desired effect; when followed by a subscript (generally "ED50"), it denotes the dose having such an effect on a certain percentage (e.g., 50%) of the test animals; ED50 is the median effective dose, in radiation protection, the sum of the equivalent doses in all tissues and organs of the body weighted for tissue effects of radiation. The unit of effective dose is the sievert (Sv), epilation dose, the minimum amount of radiation sufficient to produce hair loss, usually in 10 to 14 days. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tissue culture infectious dose | The quantity of a cytopathogenic agent, such as a virus, that will produce a cytopathic effect in 50% of the cultures inoculated. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tolerance dose | The largest dose of a remedy that can be accepted without the production of injurious symptoms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| equianalgesic dose | The qualitative ratio between actual milligram potency of comparable analgesics required to achieve the equivalent therapeutic effect. (05 Mar 2000) |
| erythema dose | The minimum amount of X-rays or other form of radiation sufficient to produce erythema; historically, this dose was indicated by the Sabouraud meter as the B tint, the Holzknecht as 5(5H), the Hampson as 4, and the Kienbock as 10. (05 Mar 2000) |
| exit dose | The exposure dose of radiation leaving a body opposite the portal of entry. (05 Mar 2000) |
| exposure dose | The radiation dose, expressed in roentgens, delivered at a point in free air. Synonym: air dose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| unit dose | Occurring in or using a single dose, seen as a standard of measurement. (18 Nov 1997) |
| usual dose | This is the typical oral dose (all inhalational, suppository or injectables will be specified) given for a particular clinical situation. In most cases, the dose prescribed by your physician will be influenced by many factors including patient age, general health, health history, pregnancy, breast feeding, allergic history, weight and the specific disorder or disease that is being treated. Geriatric patients may be more sensitive to the usual dosage listed here. Pay close attention to the medication strength (in milligrams or grams) listed on the medication container. Caution: Dosage interval may vary with extended-release or Slow-Release preparations. (27 Sep 1997) |
| fractional dose | A definite fraction of a full dose; given repeatedly at short intervals so that the full dose is taken within a specified period, usually one day. Synonym: fractional dose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| L+ dose | The limes tod dose of diphtheria toxin, i.e., the smallest amount of toxin that, when mixed with one unit of antitoxin and injected subcutaneously into a 250-g guinea pig, results in death of the animal within 96 hours (based on the average in a series); on theoretical grounds, one might expect that the difference between the L+ and L0 dose's would be identical to 1 MLD, but this is not so in actual practice; with various toxic filtrates, the difference may range from several to more than 100 MLD's, indicating that the toxin-antitoxin combination is not a firm chemical union that occurs in constant proportions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lethal dose | <pharmacology> The amount, or dosage, of a toxin necessary to cause death. (16 Mar 1998) |
| lethal dose 50 | <pharmacology> The amount, or dosage, of a toxin necessary to kill 50% of the experimental subjects. (16 Mar 1998) |