| poly(gamma-glutamic acid) | A polypeptide formed of glutamic acid residues, the gamma-carboxyl group of one glutamic acid being condensed to the amino group of its neighbor; occurs naturally in the anthrax bacillus capsule. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| polymerase gamma | A class of mammalian DNA polymerases in the mitochondria responsible for replication of the mitochondrial genome. Synonym: polymerase g. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cystathionine gamma-lyase | <enzyme> A multifunctional pyridoxal phosphate enzyme. In the final step in the biosynthesis of cysteine it catalyses the cleavage of cystathionine to yield cysteine, ammonia, and 2-ketobutyrate. Chemical name: L-Cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating) Registry number: EC 4.4.1.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| cystathionine gamma-synthase | o-succinylhomoserine (thiol)-lyase |
| protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reaction of protein glutamine and an alkylamine to yield protein n(5)-alkylglutamine and ammonia. The gamma-carboxamide groups of peptide-bound glutamine residues act as acyl donors, and the 6-amino groups of protein- and peptide-bound lysine residues act as acceptors, to give intra- and inter-molecular n(6)-(5-glutamyl)lysine crosslinks. In the epidermis these cross-linked proteins are involved in the formation of the cornified envelope of the stratum corneum cells. In the plasma, the transglutaminase is called factor xiiia, the activated form of factor xiii. The crosslinking results in the stabilization of the fibrin clot. Pharmacological action: coagulants. Chemical name: Protein-glutamine:amine gamma-glutamyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.3.2.13 (12 Dec 1998) |
| homocysteine cystathionine gamma-synthase | <enzyme> Homocysteine and cystein yield cystathionine and h2s Registry number: EC 4.4.- Synonym: hccg-s (26 Jun 1999) |
| human gamma globulin | A preparation of the proteins of liquid human plasma, containing the antibodies of normal adults; it is obtained from pooled liquid human plasma from a number of donors and may be prepared by precipitation with organic solvents under controlled conditions of pH, ionic strength, and temperature. Synonym: human normal immunoglobulin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spectrometry, gamma | Determination of the energy distribution of gamma rays emitted by nuclei. (12 Dec 1998) |
| N(epsilon)-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine hydrolase | <enzyme> Enzyme which is capable of directly hydrolyzing the cross-linked isopeptide into amino acids Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- Synonym: n(epsilon)-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine peptidase, ggl peptidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| immunoglobulins, gamma-chain | Heavy chains found in the fab and fc fragments of IgG and having a molecular weight of approximately 51 kD. They contain about 450 amino acid residues arranged in four domains and an oligosaccharide component covalently bound to the fc fragment. The gamma chains of the four IgG subgroups are not identical, but resemble each other more closely than the heavy chains of a different immunoglobulin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| interferon-gamma | <cytokine> Interferon elaborated by T lymphocytes in response to either specific antigen or mitogenic stimulation. This type II interferon can be produced by recombinant DNA technology and is similar to the interferon secreted by lymphocytes and has antiviral and antineoplastic activity. Synonym: antigen interferon, immune interferon. Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, antiviral agents. (20 Sep 2002) |
| kanamycin - alpha-hydroxy-gamma-aminobutyl acylase | <enzyme> Transforms kanamycin into amikacin Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: alpha-hydroxy-gamma-aminobutyl acylase, haba acylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| l-gulono-gamma-lactone | The immediate precursor of ascorbic acid in those animals capable of ascorbic acid biosynthesis. Synonym: dihydroascorbic acid, l-gulono-gamma-lactone. L-gulonolactone oxidase, the enzyme catalyzing the conversion of l-gulonolactone and O2 to H2O2 and l-xylo-hexulonolactone, a precursor of ascorbic acid; absent in primates. (05 Mar 2000) |
| L-methionine gamma-lyase | <enzyme> Pharmacological action: antimetabolites, antineoplastic Registry number: EC 4.4.1.11 Synonym: l-methionine alpha-deamino gamma-mercaptomethane-lyase, methionine dethiomethylase, l-methioninase, methioninase (26 Jun 1999) |
| breast cancer susceptibility genes | Inherited factors that predispose to breast cancer. Put otherwise, these genes make one more susceptible to the disease and so increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Two of these genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified (and prominently publicised). Several other genes (those for the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden disease, Muir-Torre syndrome, and ataxia-telangiectasia) are also known to predispose to breast cancer. However, since all of these known breast cancer susceptibility genes together do not account for more than a minor fraction (1/5th at most) of breast cancer that clusters in families, it is clear that more breast cancer genes remain to be discovered. (12 Dec 1998) |