| 영문 | hyaline membrane disease | 한글 | 유리질막병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 허파 성숙도의 미숙으로 허파꽈리를 팽창시키는 물질(표면활성제)이 부족하여 호흡곤란이 초래되는 병으로서 미숙아에 호발하는데, 출생시 임신기간보다도 허파 성숙 정도가 더 관여된다. 단일 병으로서는 사망률이 가장 높으며(약 30%), 신생아의 대표적인 병이다. 임상적으로는 미숙아, 생후 6~8시간내 호흡곤란증세 출현과 생후 24~48시간의 증상 악화, 생후 2~3일간 인공적으로 산소를 공급하지 않으면 호흡을 계속시킬 수가 없으며 점점더 산소의 공급 의존도가 높아지며, 동맥혈액속의 산소농도가 내려가고 이산화탄소의 농도가 높으며, 흉부 방사선 소견을 참작하여 진단한다. 환아는 숙련된 간호 인력과 첨단 의료 장비가 설치된 신생아 집중 치료실에서 치료하여야 한다. 예후는 증세의 경중에 따라 다르고 사망률은 30~50% 된다. 어떤 아기에 있어서는 치료 후에 눈이나 기관지허파 계통에 장애를 일으키는 산소중독증이 보고되고 있다. |
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| 영문 | fibrocystic disease of breast | 한글 | 유방 섬유낭병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 젖을 생산하는 젖샘내에 완두콩 또는 큰콩 크기의 결절이 발생하는 증세를 특징으로 하는 병. 30~50대의 부인에게 흔히 발생하며, 그 대부분은 양쪽 유방에 동시에 발생한다. 이러한 결절은 두 손가락 사이에 끼워 촉진할 때는 분명하지만, 흉벽을 손바닥으로 누르면 명료하지 않을 정도로 부드러운 것이 많다. 그 발생 원인에는 여러 가지 설이 많은데, 젖샘조직에 대한 만성적인 자극이 주원인이라 생각되고 있으며, 극히 서서히 진행하는 경과를 밟는다. 진단은 촉진, 초음파진단 등으로 하며, 암과 감별이 곤란할 때는 조직의 일부를 채취하여 검사하는 생검이 이용되기도 한다. |
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| 영문 | periodontal disease | 한글 | 치주병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 잇몸과 치아, 그리고 그 주위 뼈의 염증과 퇴행성 변화를 말함. 치료에 있어서 잇몸의 제거가 필수적이다. 잇몸의 제거는 새로운 잇몸의 생성을 조장한다. |
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| 영문 | Crohn's disease | 한글 | 크론병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 만성적이고 재발을 잘하는 창자의 염증을 특징으로 하는 병. 장의 벽은 안쪽에서부터 점막, 점막하조직, 근육층, 장막의 4개의 층으로 이루어져 있는데, 크론병은 이 모든 층의 염증을 동반한다. 장의 모든 부분에서 생길 수가 있지만 주로 막창자와 연결되는 큰창자의 말단부에 가장 많이 생긴다. 창자의 전층의 염증으로 인해서 장의 폐쇄나 괴양을 만들며 종종 천공된다. |
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| 영문 | Paget's disease | 한글 | 파제트병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 뼈파제트병. 변형성 뼈염. 뼈흡수 후 뼈형성이 반복적으로 과도하게 일어나는 것으로, 새롭게 형성된 뼈는 무질서하고 구조적으로 견고하지 못하다. 뼈흡수의 증가가 반복되고 이어서 과잉보수를 꾀하여 약하고 변형된 뼈의 부피가 증가되는 것을 특징으로 하는 뼈병이다. 궁둥뼈의 만곡, 편평뼈의 변형을 일으키고, 동통 및 병적 골절을 수반한다. 2. 유방파제트병. 젖꽃판 및 젖꼭지의 염증성 암성 질병으로서 보통은 젖샘 및 유방 깊은 곳의 암을 동반한다. 보통 중년부인에게 발생한다. |
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| ND | Doctor of Naturopathy; nasal deformity; natural death; Naval Dispensary; neonatal death; neoplastic ... |
|---|---|
| PFKL | phosphofructokinase, liver type; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase, liver type |
| PFKP | phosphofructokinase, platelet type; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase, platelet type |
| CEA | Carcino-Embryonic Antigen [HP 1825-6] ; Oncofetal Antigens ; Glycopro... |
| IHD | Ischemic Heart Disease = Coronary Heart(Artery) Disease = Atheroscler... |
| river-type fish | <marine biology> Anadromous fish that rear for a year or more in rivers. (23 Aug 1998) |
|---|---|
| Romanovsky type stain | <technique> Composite histological stains including methylene blue, Azure A or B and eosin, sometimes with other stains. Examples are Giemsa, Wright's and Leishman's stain. (18 Nov 1997) |
| wild type | <genetics> The naturally-occuring, normal, non-mutated version of a gene. The original parent strain of a virus, bacteria, fruit fly, mouse, or other laboratory test organism. Often refers to how organisms are found naturally, in the wild, before mutations were induced by researchers. (09 Oct 1997) |
| wild-type strain | A strain found in nature or a standard strain. See: auxotrophic strains, prototrophic strains. (05 Mar 2000) |
| MPGN type i | A kidney disorder which results in kidney dysfunction. Inflammation of the glomeruli result from an abnormal immune response and the deposition of antibodies within the kidney (glomerulus) ultrastructure. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) has been divided into two different types in the basis of where the antibodies are deposited in the glomerulus. MPGN type I, the more common type, deposits antibodies in the subendothelial layer of the basement membrane, whereas type II deposits antibodies in the bottom layer of the basement membrane. Symptoms include cloudy urine (pyuria), decreased urine output, swelling and hypertension. This disorder often results in end-stage renal disease. (27 Sep 1997) |
| mpgn type II | A kidney disorder which results in kidney dysfunction. Inflammation of the glomeruli result from an abnormal immune response and the deposition of antibodies within the kidney (glomerulus) ultrastructure. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) has been divided into two different types in the basis of where the antibodies are deposited in the glomerulus. MPGN type I, the more common type, deposits antibodies in the subendothelial layer of the basement membrane, whereas type II deposits antibodies in the bottom layer of the basement membrane. Symptoms include cloudy urine (pyuria), decreased urine output, swelling and hypertension. This disorder often results in end-stage renal disease. (27 Sep 1997) |
| woodbury-type | 1. A process in photographic printing, in which a relief pattern in gelatin, which has been hardened after certain operations, is pressed upon a plate of lead or other soft metal. An intaglio impression in thus produced, from which pictures may be directly printed, but by a slower process than in common printing. 2. A print from such a plate. Origin: After the name of the inventor, W. Woodbury. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 | A rare syndrome characterised by hyperplasia and/or neoplasms of the pituitary, parathyroid glands, and pancreatic islets. Hyperparathyroidism occurs in 90% of the cases and is usually the first manifestation of the syndrome. The most frequent pancreatic manifestation is gastrinoma typically leading to zollinger-ellison syndrome. The appearance of this condition has been limited to the loss of allelic heterozygosity at the 11q13 locus on the long arm of chromosome 11. Patients overall exhibit long survival times. Chemotherapy is rare and surgical management is generally dependent on the genetic expression in individual patients. (12 Dec 1998) |
| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 | <syndrome> This is a hereditary disorder in which two or more of the following glands: thyroid, adrenal or parathyroid, develop overgrowth (hyperplasia) or malignant cells (cancer). The underlying cause is genetic and a positive family history for this illness is a risk factor. Incidence: approximately 3 in 100,000 people in the general population. (27 Sep 1997) |
| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a | A type of multiple endocrine neoplasia characterised by a virtually 100% incidence of medullary thyroid carcinoma, a 50% incidence of pheochromocytoma, and a lesser incidence of parathyroid adenomas associated with hyperparathyroidism. The condition is always transmitted through autosomal dominant inheritance. Genetic testing can identify individuals with the trait in early infancy. Treatment is usually excision of the enlarged parathyroid glands. (12 Dec 1998) |
| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b | A type of multiple endocrine neoplasia occurring as an isolated congenital presentation or as a distinct autosomal dominant disease. It is characterised by the 100% incidence of medullary thyroid carcinoma and frequent pheochromocytomas; patients seldom exhibit hyperparathyroidism. It is distinguished from men 2a by its characteristic physical appearance resulting from numerous neural defects including mucosal neuromas of the eyelids, lips, and tongue. The neural abnormalities also include widespread neurogangliomatosis of the gastrointestinal tract leading to abnormal gut motility. Treatment usually requires total thyroidectomy following evaluation for the presence of pheochromocytomas. (12 Dec 1998) |
| multiple lipoprotein-type hyperlipidaemia | <biochemistry> Inherited as a defective gene, this disorder is characterised by elevations in serum cholesterol and/or triglycerides. There are often multiple types of lipoproteins (LDL) elevated in one family. This condition is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| contact-type dermatitis | Dermatitis resembling contact dermatitis or eczema, but caused by an ingested or injected allergen, usually a drug, and with a widespread or generalised distribution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cowdry's type A inclusion bodies | Droplet-like masses of acidophilic material surrounded by clear halos within nuclei, with margination of chromatin on the nuclear membrane. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cowdry's type B inclusion bodies | Droplet-like masses of acidophilic material surrounded by clear halos within nuclei, without other nuclear changes during early stages of development of the inclusion. (05 Mar 2000) |