| 영문 | respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) | 한글 | 호흡곤란증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 폐포와 폐모세혈관 사이에 부종으로 인한 확산능 감소로 호흡곤란과 청색증을 보이는 상태로 감염, 수술, 외상 등 모든 종류의 스트레스상황에서 발생할 수 있다. 치료는 선행 요인의 교정과 적절한 혈액내 산소농도 유지이다. |
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| 영문 | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | 한글 | 후천면역결핍증후군, 에이즈 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 인간면역결핍바이러스(HIV)에 의하여 면역 세포가 파괴됨으로써 인체의 면역능력이 극도로 저하되어 병원체에 대하여 무방비 상태에 이르는 병. 에이즈 바이러스의 감염으로 생기며, 1981년 미국에서 처음 보고되었다. 최초 감염으로부터 증상이 나타나기까지는 평균 10년 정도 걸리며 사망률이 대단히 높다. 성적 접촉, 오염 주사기 사용, 오염 혈액 및 혈액 제제 사용, 에이즈 산모로부터 수직감염 따위에 의하여 감염된다. 감염 후 일과성으로 감기와 같은 증상을 보이며 바이러스혈증으로 되지만 바이러스는 감소되고 6~8주 후에는 항체가 양성으로 된다. 6~10년 정도의 무증후성 보균기간을 지나서 에이즈관련증후군(AIDS related syndrome)으로 된다. 저항력의 감소, 림프절비대, 체중감소, 발열, 만성설사가 이어진다. 그 후 에이즈로 되며, 폐포자충폐렴 등의 원충병, 칸디다 등의 진균증, 헤르페스바이러스군 등의 기회감염이 이어진다. 또한 카포시육종, 림프종 등을 병발해서 사망한다. 바이러스의 뇌조직내 증식으로 치매를 일으킬 수도 있다. HIV-1은 10년간에 사망률이 90%, HIV-2는 10%이다. |
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| PAV | percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty; poikiloderma atrophicans vasculare; posterior arch vein; proporti... |
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| PD-AB-SAAP | pulsed diastolic autologous blood selective aortic arch perfusion |
| SAAP | selective aortic arch perfusion |
| TAA | thioacetamide; thoracic aortic aneurysm; total ankle arthroplasty; transverse aortic arch; tumor-ass... |
| WDHA Syndrome | Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria Syndrome = Pancreatic Cholera (Syndrome)<... |
| vertebral arch | The posterior projection from the body of a vertebra that encloses the vertebral foramen; it consists of paired pedicles and laminae; the spinous, transverse, and articular processes arise from the arch. In aggregate, the venous arches-and the ligamenta flava that unite them-form the posterior wall of the vertebral (spinal) canal. Synonym: arcus vertebrae, neural arch. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| gill arch skeleton | Cartilages associated with the visceral portion of the embryonic mammalian chondrocranium, representing the gill arch (branchial) skeletons as seen in shark-type fishes; they are the primordia of Meckel's cartilage, the styloid, hyoid, cricoid, thyroid, and arytenoid cartilages, and the auditory ossicles. See: branchial arches. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial longitudinal arch of foot | Formed by the calcaneus, talus, navicular, three cuneiform bones, and the three medial metatarsals. Synonym: arcus pedis longitudinalis pars medialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial lumbocostal arch | <anatomy> One of Haller's arches; a tendinous thickening of the psoas fascia that extends from the body of the first lumbar vertebra to its transverse process on either side. A portion of the diaphragm arises from it. Synonym: ligamentum arcuatum mediale, arcus lumbocostalis medialis, medial lumbocostal arch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glossopalatine arch | One of a pair of ridges or folds of mucous membrane passing from the soft palate to the side of the tongue; it encloses the palatoglossus muscle and forms anterior margin of the tonsillar fossa. Also demarcates oral cavity from isthmus of fauces. Synonym: arcus palatoglossus, anterior palatine arch, anterior pillar of fauces, arcus glossopalatinus, glossopalatine arch, glossopalatine fold. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial part of longitudinal arch of foot | medial part of longitudinal arch of foot |
| required arch length | The sum of the mesiodistal widths of the permanent teeth from first permanent molar to first permanent molar. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pedicle of arch of vertebra | The constricted portion of the arch on either side extending from the body to the lamina; bound intervertebral foramina superiorly and inferiorly. Synonym: pediculus arcus vertebrae, radix arcus vertebrae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gothic arch | A tracing of mandibular movements made by means of a device attached to the opposing arches; its shape resembles that of an arrowhead or a Gothic arch, and when the instrument's marking point is at the apex of the arch, the jaws are considered to be in centric relation. Synonym: arrow point tracing, Gothic arch tracing, Gothic arch, stylus tracing. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gothic arch tracing | A tracing of mandibular movements made by means of a device attached to the opposing arches; its shape resembles that of an arrowhead or a Gothic arch, and when the instrument's marking point is at the apex of the arch, the jaws are considered to be in centric relation. Synonym: arrow point tracing, Gothic arch tracing, Gothic arch, stylus tracing. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ribbon arch | A thin, ribbon-shaped, rectangular orthodontic arch wire applied to the dental arch's so that its widest dimension is parallel to the labial or buccal surfaces of the teeth. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ribbon arch appliance | An appliance consisting of a rectangular wire inserted into a specially designed bracket attached to the labial and buccal surfaces of the teeth. (05 Mar 2000) |
| right aortic arch | <radiology> Types: mirror image branching (95% most likely to be congenital ht disease), 90% tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) (25%) ** decreased PBF, 2.5% truncus (30-50%) ** increased PBF, 1.5% transposition (TGV) (5%), aberrant left subclavian artery (5% most likely to be congenital heart disease) (12 Dec 1998) |
| groove for arch of aorta | A broad, deep sulcus arching superiorly over the hilus on the mediastinal surface of the left lung formed as a result of the aortic arch impressing or indenting the lung. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pharyngopalatine arch | One of a pair of ridges or folds of mucous membrane which passes downward from the posterior margin of the soft palate to the lateral wall of the pharynx. It encloses the palatopharyngeus muscle and forms the posterior margin of the tonsillar fossa. It also demarcates the isthmus of fauces from oropharynx. Synonym: arcus palatopharyngeus, pharyngopalatine arch, posterior palatine arch, posterior pillar of fauces. (05 Mar 2000) |