| competitor DNA | DNA from a test organism that is denatured and then used in in vitro hybridization experiments in which it competes with DNA (homologous) from a reference organism; used to determine the relationship of the test organism to the reference organism. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| complaint | A disorder, disease, or symptom, or the description of it. Origin: O. Fr. Complainte, fr. L. Complango, to lament (05 Mar 2000) |
| complement | <immunology> A term originally used to refer to the heat labile factor in serum that causes immune cytolysis, the lysis of antibody coated cells and now referring to the entire functionally related system comprising at least 20 distinct serum proteins that is the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions. Complement activation occurs by two different sequences, the classic and alternative pathways. The proteins of the classic pathway are termed components of complement and are designated by the symbols C1 through C9. C1 is a calcium dependent complex of three distinct proteins C1q, C1r and C1s. The proteins of the alternative pathway (collectively referred to as the properdin system) and complement regulatory proteins are known by semisystematic or trivial names. Fragments resulting from proteolytic cleavage of complement proteins are designated with lower case letter suffixes, for example, C3a. Inactivated fragments may be designated with the suffix i, for example C3bi. Activated components or complexes with biological activity are designated by a bar over the symbol for example C1 or C4b, 2a. The classic pathway is activated by the binding of C1 to classic pathway activators, primarily antigen-antibody complexes containing IgM, IgG1, IgG3, C1q binds to a single IgM molecule or two adjacent IgG molecules. The alternative pathway can be activated by IgA immune complexes and also by nonimmunologic materials including bacterial endotoxins, microbial polysaccharides and cell walls. Activation of the classic pathway triggers an enzymatic cascade involving C1, C4, C2 and C3, activation of the alternative pathway triggers a cascade involving C3 and factors B, D and P. Both result in the cleavage of C5 and the formation of the membrane attack complex. Complement activation also results in the formation of many biologically active complement fragments that act as anaphylatoxins, opsonins or chemotactic factors. (05 Jan 1998) |
| complement 1 | The first complement component to act in the cytolysis reaction. It is a trimolecular complex held together with ca ions and when activated, has esterase activity which initiates the next step in the sequence. (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 1 inactivators | Compounds which inhibit, antagonise, or inactivate complement 1. A well-known inhibitor is a serum glycoprotein believed to be alpha-2-neuroaminoglycoprotein. It inhibits the activated (esterase) form of complement 1 as well as kinin-forming, coagulation, and fibrinolytic systems. Deficiency of this inactivator has been found in patients with hereditary angioneurotic oedema. These compounds are members of the serpin superfamily. (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 1q | <chemical> Subcomponent of complement 1 (c1) which recognises and binds to the heavy chain of IgG or IgM initiating the classical complement pathway. The interaction of c1q and immunoglobulin activates c1r and c1s. The activated c1r and c1s molecules are cleaved off the complex by c1-inhibitor, allowing the collagen-like region of c1q to become accessible for interaction with cell membrane c1q receptors. Chemical name: Complement C1q (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 1r | <enzyme> Subcomponent of complement 1 which, when activated by c1q, activates subcomponent c1s by proteolytic cleavage. Registry number: EC 3.4.21.41 (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 1s | <enzyme> The activated form of complement 1 which has hydrolase activity. In the classical pathway, it splits first c4 and then c2 into active components, thereby generating a new enzyme referred to as eac142 or c42 or c3 convertase. Registry number: EC 3.4.21.42 (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 2 | The third component in the complement reaction sequence. It is a beta-globulin with a molecular weight of 117,000, a serum concentration of 30 micrograms/ml and a sedimentation coefficient of 4. It activates c3. (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 3 | The fourth component to attach in the complement reaction sequence. It is a beta-globulin with a sedimentation coefficient of 5.5, a molecular weight of 185,000 and a serum concentration of 1.3 micrograms/ml. Its fragments have anaphylatoxic, chemotactic, and histaminic action and affect smooth muscle. (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 3 convertase | <enzyme> The enzyme which in both the classical and alternate complement pathways cleaves complement 3 into anaphylatoxin (c3a) and c3b. Registry number: EC 3.4.21.43 (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 3 nephritic factor | A magnesium-dependent IgG autoantibody found in serum of patients with chronic mesangioproliferative hypocomplementemic glomerulonephritis. It causes inactivation of c3 in the alternate pathway by cleaving c3 into two inactive fragments, c3c and c3d, instead of the normal c3b. (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 3a | <chemical> Smaller fragment formed when c3 convertase splits c3 into c3a and c3b. C3a is a 77-amino acid peptide that includes a carboxy-terminal arginine which is crucial for its biological activities. C3a causes symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis) including smooth muscle contraction, mast cell histamine release, and local inflammation. It is considered an anaphylatoxin along with c4a, c5a, and c5a des-arginine. Chemical name: Complement C3a (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 3b | <chemical> The larger fragment formed when c3 convertase splits c3 into c3a and c3b. In both the classical and alternate pathway, c3b participates in immune adherence and enhances phagocytosis. It also forms a cellular intermediate which continues the complement process. In the alternate pathways, c3b initiates a positive feedback activation of c3pase. Chemical name: Complement C3b (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement 3b inactivators | Compounds which inhibit, antagonise, or inactivate complement 3b. A well-known inhibitor is a beta-globulin which cleaves c3b into inactive fragments c3c and c3d. C3bina plays a key role in the regulation of the complement system by blocking the cytolytic sequence and preventing recruitment of the properdin amplification loop. (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Alternative Pathway C3 Convertase, C3 Convertase (C3bBb), C3 Convertase, Alternative Pathway, CVFBb, Complement 3 Convertase, Alternative Pathway, Complement 3b-Associated Factor B-fragment Bb, Complement C3 Convertase, CVFBb
Synonyms : C3 Convertase (C4b2a), Classical C3 Convertase, Classical Pathway C3 Convertase, C3 Convertase, Classical
Synonyms : C 3 Nephritic Factor, C3 Nephritic Factor, Complement 3 Nephritic Factor
Synonyms : C 3 Convertase, C3 Activator, C3-C5 Convertase, C5 Cleaving Enzyme, C5 Convertase, Complement 3 Convertase, Complement 5 Convertase, Complement C3 Convertases, Complement C5 Convertases, Activator, C3, C3 C5 Convertase, C3 Convertases, Complement, Convertase, C 3
Synonyms : Alternative Pathway C3-C5 Convertases, Alternative Pathway C3 C5 Convertases, Complement C3 C5 Convertases, Alternative Pathway
| complexion |
the coloring of a person's face a combination that results from coupling or interlinking; "diphthongs are complexions of vowels" a point of view or general attitude or inclination; "he altered the complexion of his times"; "a liberal political complexion" texture and appearance of the skin of the face (obsolete) a combination of elements (of dryness and warmth or of the four humors) that was once believed to determine a person's health and temperament give a certain color to; "The setting sun complexioned the hills"
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
|---|---|
| computed tomography |
computerized tomography: a method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
| compliance |
conformity: acting according to certain accepted standards; "their financial statements are in conformity with generally accepted accounting practices" happy friendly agreement complaisance: a disposition or tendency to yield to the will of others submission: the act of submitting; usually surrendering power to another
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
| comparative negligence |
(law) negligence allocated between the plaintiff and the defendant with a corresponding reduction in damages paid to the plaintiff
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
| compassion |
a deep awareness of and sympathy for another's suffering the humane quality of understanding the suffering of others and wanting to do something about it
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
| comp | a union of workers for a single company |
|---|---|
| comp | qualities that are comparable |
| comp | able to be compared or worthy of comparison |
| comp | conforming in every respect |
| comp | worthy of comparison |
| comp | similar in some respect and so able to be compared in order to show differences and similarities |
| comp | in a comparable manner or to a comparable degree |
| comp | the comparative form of an adjective |
| comp | having significance only in relation to something else |
| comp | relating to or based on or involving comparison |
| comp | anatomist who compares the anatomy of different animals |
| comp | the study of anatomical features of animals of different species |