| pc12 cells | A cell line derived from a pheochromocytoma of the rat adrenal medulla. Pc12 cells stop dividing and undergo terminal differentiation when treated with nerve growth factor, making the line a useful model system for neuronal differentiation. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| cells | Minute protoplasmic masses that make up organised tissue, consisting of a nucleus which is surrounded by protoplasm which contains the various organelles and is enclosed in the cell or plasma membrane. Cells are the fundamental, structural, and functional units of living organisms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cells, cultured | Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cells, immobilised | Microbial, plant, or animal cells which are immobilised by attachment to solid structures, usually a column matrix. A common use of immobilised cells is in biotechnology for the bioconversion of a substrate to a particular product. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cells, reproductive | The eggs and sperm are the reproductive cells. Each mature reproductive cell is haploid in that it has a single set of 23 chromosomes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Renshaw cells | Inhibitory interneurons that are innervated by collaterals from motoneurons and in turn form synapses with the same and adjacent motoneurons to exert inhibition; identified physiologically and by intracellular injection technic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reproductive cells | The eggs and sperm are the reproductive cells. Each mature reproductive cell is haploid in that it has a single set of 23 chromosomes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retinal ganglion cells | Cells of the innermost nuclear layer of the retina, the ganglion cell layer, which project axons through the optic nerve to the brain. They are quite variable in size and in the shapes of their dendritic arbors, which are generally confined to the inner plexiform layer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Goormaghtigh's cells | Cell's, located at the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle that secrete renin and form a component of the juxtaglomerular complex; they are modified smooth muscle cell's primarily of the afferent arteriole of the renal glomerulus. Synonym: Goormaghtigh's cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| merkel cells | Nondendritic, nonkeratinocytic epithelial clear cells normally found in the epidermis and dermis of mammals and humans. They are believed to be of neuroendocrine origin and function as a specific slowly adapting sensory touch receptor. The merkel cell was first described by friedrich sigmund merkel, german anatomist in 1875. (12 Dec 1998) |
| granule cells | Small nerve cell bodies in the external and internal granular layers of the cerebral cortex, small nerve cell bodies in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mesenchymal cells | Fusiform or stellate cell's found between the ectoderm and endoderm of young embryos; the shape of the cell's in fixed material is indicative of the fact that in life they were moving from their place of origin to areas where they would become reaggregated and specialised; most mesenchymal cell's are derived from established mesodermal layers, but in the cephalic region they also develop from neural crest or neural tube ectoderm; they are the most strikingly pluripotential cell's in the embryonic body, developing at different locations into any of the types of connective or supporting tissues, to smooth muscle, to vascular endothelium, and to blood cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| granulosa cells | Cells of the membrana granulosa lining the vesicular ovarian follicle which become luteal cells after ovulation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| granulosa lutein cells | Cell's derived from the membrana granulosa of a mature ovarian follicle that secrete both oestrogen and progesterone, and form the major component of the corpus luteum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chief cells, gastric | Epithelial cells that line the basal half of the gastric glands. Chief cells synthesise and secrete pepsinogen, a precursor of the enzyme pepsin. (12 Dec 1998) |