| bovine mitochondrial endonuclease | <enzyme> Dimer of 29kda peptide; prefers a conserved sequence in the displacement loop region of mitochondrial DNA; nicks double-stranded DNA and fragments single-stranded DNA Registry number: EC 3.1.21.- (26 Jun 1999) |
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| bovine papular stomatitis | A Parapoxvirus infection of cattle causing oral lesions. Synonym: stomatitis papulosa. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine porphyria | Porphyria as a mendelian recessive trait in certain breeds of cattle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy | A familiar myeloencephalopathy of brown Swiss cattle characterised by bilateral hindleg weakness and ataxia and deficient proprioceptive reflexes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine rhinoviruses | An obsolete name for viruses that cause widespread subclinical and occasionally mild clinical respiratory diseases of calves in the United States and Europe. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine serum albumin | A source of albumin commonly used in in vitro biological studies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine somatotropin | <protein> A growth hormone found incattle, a version of this hormone is also foundin all mammals, including humans. Injections of this hormonedramatically increase the milk production of lactating cows. In pastyears, the hormone was very expensive because it could only be taken from slaughtered cows, but in the early '90s researchers learned how to geneticallyengineered the bacterium E. Coli to produce it. Now, many dairy producers use the hormone, but the practice is controversial because the use of bST may increase the incidence of mastitis (udder infection) in cows, and the long-termhuman health effects of the slightly increased hormone levels in themilk from treated cows have not been established. See: porcine somatotrophin. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bovine spongiform encephalitis | <pathology> A neuro-degenerative disease found in domestic cattle which is related to a number of other similar diseases found in other animal species, including humans. The most well-known of these other diseases are scrapie, found in sheep, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, found in humans. The family of diseases is caused by an abnormally-configured protein called a prion. The function of the protein in its normal configuration is not certain. The diseases are similar to Alzheimer's disease in humans, except the progressive loss of brain function is more rapid. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bovine spongiform encephalopathy | A new disease of cattle, first reported in 1986 in Great Britain, characterised clinically by apprehensive behaviour, hyperesthesia, and ataxia and histopathologically by spongiform changes in the gray-matter neuropil of the brain stem; it is thought to be caused by an agent, possibly a prion, similar to that observed as the cause of scrapie. Synonym: mad cow disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine sporadic encephalomyelitis | An acute, septic encephalomyelitis, pleuritis, and peritonitis of cattle caused by Chlamydia psittaci; it occurs in the north central United States. Synonym: Buss disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine trichomoniasis | A venereal infection in cattle caused by Tritrichomonas foetus; in the bull, the infection is usually asymptomatic, the organisms being present in small or moderate numbers, chiefly in the preputial sheath; infection in the female may result in delayed conception, abortion early in pregnancy, or pyometra; transmission occurs during copulation or by artificial insemination from infected bulls. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine ulcerative mammillitis | An ulcerative disease of the skin of the bovine teat caused by bovine herpesvirus type 2. Synonym: bovine ulcerative mammillitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bovine vaccinia mammillitis | A poxlike disease of the skin of the bovine teat caused by vaccinia virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| brucellosis, bovine | A disease of cattle caused by bacteria of the genus brucella leading to abortion in late pregnancy. Brucella abortus is the primary infective agent. (12 Dec 1998) |
| contagious bovine pleuropneumonia | A highly infectious disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides sp. Mycoides and occurring in acute, subacute, and chronic septicaemic forms. (05 Mar 2000) |