| energy-rich phosphates | Those phosphate's that, on hydrolysis, yield an unusually large amount of energy; e.g., nucleotide polyphosphates such as ATP, enol phosphate's such as phosphoenolpyruvate. See: high energy compounds. Synonym: energy-rich phosphates. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| energy transfer | The transfer of energy of a given form among different scales of motion. In biochemistry, this concept generally refers to the transfer of groups from compounds that contain energy-rich bonding arrangements to compounds that have relatively energy-poor bonding characteristics via thermodynamically permissible enzymatic reactions. This principle is a major premise of the interaction between energy-producing and energy-utilizing metabolic pathways in living cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| zero energy thermonuclear assembly | <radiobiology> A British fusion device in which scientists observed fusion neutrons in 1958. They were erroneously considered to be thermonuclear (coming from particles with a Maxwellian velocity distribution) and were a cause for the initial optimism that fusion energy would be easy. They were actually due to electromagnetic acceleration during a plasma instability, an effect which cannot be scaled up to produce useful energy. (09 Oct 1997) |
| kinetic energy | <chemistry> Energy due to the motion of an object (09 Jan 1998) |
| unit of energy | CGS system: erg, joule, MKS system: newton-meter (joule), FPS system: foot-poundal,gravitational unit: gram-centimeter, gram-meter, kilogram-meter, foot-pound,SI: joule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fluorescence energy transfer | <technique> Transfer of energy from one fluorochrome to another. The emission wavelength of the fluorochrome excited by the incident light must approximately match the excitation wavelength of the second fluorochrome. If light at the second emission wavelength is detected, it implies that the two fluorochromes were physically within a few nanometres. Used as a technique to probe protein or cell interactions. (25 Jun 1999) |
| latent energy | <chemistry> Energy due to position, it is stored energy which can be used to do work. (09 Jan 1998) |
| free energy | A thermodynamic term used to describe the energy that may be extracted from a system at constant temperature and pressure. In biological systems the most important relationship is: _G = RTln(Keq), where Keq is an equilibrium constant. (18 Nov 1997) |
| fusion energy | <chemistry, radiobiology> The binding energy of a nucleus is the minimum energy required to dissociate it into its component neutrons and protons. Neutron or proton binding energies are those required to remove a neutron or proton, respectively, from a nucleus. Electron binding energy is that required to remove an electron from an atom or a molecule. (16 Dec 1997) |
| linear energy transfer | <radiobiology> Average amount of energy lost per unit of particle track length and expressed in keV um-1. Acronym: LET (16 Dec 1997) |