| fish tapeworm infection | An infection caused by the fish tapeworm, Diphyllobothrium latum, one of the giant tapeworm species. Humans may get infected after eating undercooked fish that contain tapeworm larvae. Fish tapeworms are more common in cold, fresh water lakes such as the Great Lakes area. The adult worm grows in the intestine to lengths up to 30 feet. Segments of the worm and blood may occasionally be passed in the stools. Infection can also lead to vitamin B12 deficiency. Diagnosis is via microscopic examination of the stools. Treatment is with single dose niclosamide. (27 Sep 1997) |
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| laboratory infection | Accidentally acquired infection in laboratory workers. (12 Dec 1998) |
| focal infection | An old term which distinguishes local infection's (focal) from generalised infection's (sepsis). (05 Mar 2000) |
| focal infection, dental | Secondary or systemic infections due to dissemination throughout the body of microorganisms whose primary focus of infection lies in the periodontal tissues. (12 Dec 1998) |
| food infection | Microbial infection resulting from ingestion of contaminated food. (09 Oct 1997) |
| force of infection | <epidemiology> The per capita rate at which susceptibles are infected. (05 Dec 1998) |
| latent infection | An asymptomatic infection capable of manifesting symptoms under particular circumstances or if activated. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fungal infection | 1. (groin) Tinea cruris is a fungal infection of the perineum, better known as jock itch. This condition is often treated with clotrimazole or miconazole cream. Good general hygiene is vital in the prevention of tinea cruris. Keep the groin area clean and dry and avoid chafing. Launder athletic supporters frequently. Use an antifungal or drying powder after showering. 2. (nail) A fungal infection that involves the fingernails. Nails generally split, flake and grow too thick. 3. (scalp): A fungal scalp infection also known as tinea capitis. A crusting and scaly lesion of the scalp that can also be associated with localised hair loss. Treatment requires oral (systemic) antifungal medications. (05 Jan 1998) |
| fungal nail infection | The most common fungus infection of the nail is onychomycosis. Onychomycosis makes the nails look white and opaque, thickened, and brittle. Older women (perhaps because oestrogen deficiency may increase the risk of infection) and men and women with diabetes or disease of the small blood vessels (peripheral vacscular disease) are at increased risk. Artificial nails (acrylic or wraps ) increase the risk because when an artificial nail is applied, the nail surface is usually abraded with an emery board damaging it, emery boards can carry infection, and water can collect under the nail creating a moist, warm environment for fungal growth. Alternative names include tinea unguium and ringworm of the nails. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lysogenic infection | An infective process characterised by the incorporation of the DNA of the infecting phage into the host cell chromosome. Once incorporated, the phage DNA replicates along with the host DNA. The incorporated phage DNA is relatively inactive, thus permitting the host cell to continue fairly normal life processes. (14 Nov 1997) |
| lytic infection | The normal cycle of infection of a cell by a virus or bacteriophage, in which mature virus or phage particles are produced and the cell is then lysed. (18 Nov 1997) |
| acute renal failure | <nephrology> A sudden decline in renal function may be triggered by a number of acute disease processes. Examples include sepsis (infection), shock, trauma, kidney stones, kidney infection, drug toxicity (aspirin or lithium), poisons or toxins (drug abuse) or after injection with an iodinated contrast dye (adverse effect). Chronic renal failure represents a slow decline in kidney function over time. Chronic renal failure may be caused by a number of disorders which include long-standing hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, lupus or sickle cell anaemia. Both forms of renal failure result in a life-threatening metabolic derangement. (27 Sep 1997) |
| aminoaciduria, renal | Impairment of renal tubular transport of amino acids. (12 Dec 1998) |
| back-pressure renal atrophy | <radiology> Caliectasis without obstruction, due to repeated episodes of obstruction, gradual loss of renal pyramids (12 Dec 1998) |
| base of renal pyramid | The outer broad part of a renal pyramid that lies next to the cortex. Synonym: basis pyramidis renis. (05 Mar 2000) |