| IMD | immunodeficiency; immunologically mediated disease; institution for mentally disabled |
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| LMC | large motile cell; lateral motor column; left main coronary [artery]; left middle cerebral [artery];... |
| MMM | see 3-M [syndrome]; microsome-mediated mutagenesis; myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia; myeloscle... |
| NCMC | natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity |
| PHLOP | polymerase-halt-mediated linkage of primers |
| transfer RNA | <molecular biology> A nucleic acid found in all living cells. Plays a role in transferring information from DNA to the protein-forming system of the cell. (16 Dec 1997) |
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| energy transfer | The transfer of energy of a given form among different scales of motion. In biochemistry, this concept generally refers to the transfer of groups from compounds that contain energy-rich bonding arrangements to compounds that have relatively energy-poor bonding characteristics via thermodynamically permissible enzymatic reactions. This principle is a major premise of the interaction between energy-producing and energy-utilizing metabolic pathways in living cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| zygote intra-fallopian transfer | <gynaecology> In vitro fertilization with a transfer of the zygote into the fallopian tube, a combination of in vitro fertilization and gamete intra-fallopian transfer. An assisted reproduction technique consisting of hormonal stimulation of the ovaries, laparoscopic follicular aspiration of oocytes, in-vitro fertilization, and intra-fallopian transfer of the zygote by transabdominal cannulation at the pronuclear stage (before cleavage). Acronym: ZIFT (12 Dec 1998) |
| fluorescence energy transfer | <technique> Transfer of energy from one fluorochrome to another. The emission wavelength of the fluorochrome excited by the incident light must approximately match the excitation wavelength of the second fluorochrome. If light at the second emission wavelength is detected, it implies that the two fluorochromes were physically within a few nanometres. Used as a technique to probe protein or cell interactions. (25 Jun 1999) |
| Fourier transfer | A mathematical technique to express a time-varying function or signal into components at different frequencies, giving the phase and amplitude of each; used in computed tomography and magnetic resonance image reconstruction transformation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| linear energy transfer | <radiobiology> Average amount of energy lost per unit of particle track length and expressed in keV um-1. Acronym: LET (16 Dec 1997) |
| allelic gene | See: allele, dominance of traits. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antibiotic resistance gene | Genes in a microorganism which confer resistance to antibiotics, for example by coding for enzymes which destroy it, by coding for surface proteins which prevent it from entering the microorganism, or by being a mutant form of the antibiotic's target so that it can ignore it. (09 Oct 1997) |
| autosomal gene | A gene located on any chromosome other than the sex chromosomes (X or Y). (05 Mar 2000) |
| bicoid gene | A group of genes which are important to the proper development of the head and thorax in the embryo of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. (09 Oct 1997) |
| BRCA1 breast cancer susceptibility gene | This mutated (changed) version of the BRCA1 gene makes a person susceptible to developing breast cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| calcitonin gene-related peptide | <protein> A second product transcribed from the calcitonin gene. Calcitonin gene related peptide is found in a number of tissues including nervous tissue. It is a vasodilator that may participate in the cutaneous triple response. It is a neuropeptide of 37 amino acids with structural homology to salmon calcitonin. Co-localises with substance P in neurons. It occurs as a result of alternative processing of mRNA from the calcitonin gene. The neuropeptide is widely distributed in neural tissue of the brain, gut, perivascular nerves, and other tissue. The peptide produces multiple biological effects and has both circulatory and neurotransmitter modes of action. In particular, it is a potent endogenous vasodilator. Intracerebral administration leads to a rise in noradrenergic sympathetic outflow, a rise in blood pressure and a fall in gastric secretion. Acronym: CGRP (05 May 2002) |
| cancer susceptibility gene | tumour suppressor gene |
| rab gene | 1. <molecular biology> One of the three main groups of ras like genes specifying small GTP-binding proteins (the others are ras and rho). Rab proteins are involved in vesicular traffic and seem to control translocation from donor to acceptor membranes. 2. <cell biology> Gene family in plants responsive to abscisic acid: encode proteins of 15-17 kD. (18 Nov 1997) |
| pair rule gene | <molecular biology> A segmentation gene, expressed sequentially between gap genes and segment polarity genes. In development of Drosophila, a set of about 8 genes that are expressed only in alternate segments (odd or even) of the developing embryo. Loss of function mutants thus lack alternate segments. Examples: even skipped (eve), fushi tarazu (ftz), hairy. (18 Nov 1997) |