| glutaric | <chemistry> Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid so called; as, glutaric ethers. Glutaric acid, an organic acid obtained as a white crystalline substance, isomeric with pyrotartaric acid. Synonym: normal pyrotartaric acid. Origin: Glutamic + tartaric. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| glutaric acid | <biochemistry> A chemical intermediate in the metabolism of the amino acids lysine and tryptophan which has the chemical formula C5H8O4. It is found in green sugar beets and in water extracted from wool. (09 Oct 1997) |
| glutaryl coenzyme A oxidase | <enzyme> In peroxisomes; forms hydrogen peroxide Registry number: EC 1.3.3.- Synonym: glutaryl-CoA oxidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutaryl-CoA | The mono thiol ester of coenzyme A and glutaric acid; an intermediate in l-lysine and l-tryptophan catabolism. Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme that catalyses the reaction of glutaryl-CoA with an acceptor to form crotonoyl-CoA, CO2, and the reduced acceptor; a deficiency of this enzyme will lead to either glutaric acidemia type I or hyperoxaluria type II. Glutaryl-CoA synthetase, an enzyme similar to acyl-CoA synthetase, but which splits ATP, GTP, or ITP to the nucleoside diphosphate and orthophosphate in acting on glutarate, thus forming glutaryl-Coa. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Glutaric aciduria may be due to deficiency of this enzyme Registry number: EC 1.3.99.7 Synonym: glutaryl CoA dehydrogenase, glutaryl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutarylamidocephalosporanic acid acylase | <enzyme> Pseudomonas enzyme; forms 7-aminocephalosporanic acid Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: gl-7aca acylase, 7 beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid acylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutathione | <biochemistry> The tripeptide _ glutamylcysteinylglycine. It contains an unusual peptide linkage between the _ carboxyl group of the glutamate side chain and the amine group of cysteine. The concentration of glutathione in animal cells is _5mM and its sulphydryl group is kept largely in the reduced state. This allows it to act as a sulphydryl buffer, reducing any disulphide bonds formed within cytoplasmic proteins to cysteines. Hence, few, if any, cytoplasmic proteins contain disulphide bonds. Glutathione is also important as a cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, in the uptake of amino acids and participates in leucotriene synthesis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glutathione disulfide | <chemical> A glutathione derivative that forms when the sulfhydryl side chains of the cysteine residues of two glutathione molecules form a disulfide bond during the course of being oxidised with various oxides and peroxides in cells. Glutathione reductase, with the coupled oxidation of NADPH, reduces gssg to two moles of glutathione. Chemical name: Bis(gamma-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine) Disulfide (12 Dec 1998) |
| glutathione oxidase | <enzyme> Oxygen-dependent conversion of glutathione to glutathione disulfide Registry number: EC 1.8.4.- Synonym: renal thiol oxidase, renal sulfhydryl oxidase, intestinal thiol oxidase, kidney thiol oxidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutathione peroxidase | <enzyme> A detoxifying enzyme that eliminates hydrogen peroxide and organic peroxides. Glutathione is an essential cofactor for the enzyme and its reaction involves the oxidation of glutathione (GSH) to glutathione disulphide (GSSG). The GSSG is then reduced to GSH by glutathione reductase. Glutathione peroxidase, (GPX), has a selenocysteine residue in its active site. Three forms of the enzyme exist: cy toplasmic GPX, plasma GPX and phospholipid hydroperoxide GPX. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glutathione reductase | <enzyme> An FAD containing enzyme, a dimer of 50 kD subunits. It catalyses the NADP dependent reduction of glutathione disulphide (GSSG) to glutathione (GSH). This is an essential reaction that maintains a GSH:GSSG ratio in the cytoplasm of _500:1. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glutathione S-transferase | A class of enzymes that catalyze the reaction of glutathione with an acceptor molecule (e.g., an arene oxide) to form an S-substituted glutathione; a key step in detoxification of many substances; start of the mercapturic acid pathway. Synonym: ligandin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutathione synthase | <enzyme> One of the enzymes active in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. It catalyses the synthesis of glutathione from gamma-glutamylcysteine and glycine in the presence of ATP with the formation of ADP and orthophosphate. Chemical name: gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming) Registry number: EC 6.3.2.3 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glutathione synthetase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of glutathione, ADP, and orthophosphate from gamma-glutamylcysteine, ATP, and glycine; a deficiency will lead to metabolic acidosis and progressive brain dysfunction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutathione synthetase deficiency | An inborn error of metabolism associated with massive urinary excretion of 5-oxyproline, elevated levels of 5-oxyproline in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, severe metabolic acidosis, tendency toward haemolysis, and defective central nervous systems function. Glutathione synthetase deficiency has been reported as a generalised condition or with a deficiency restricted to erythrocytes. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms : Glutaryl CoA Dehydrogenase, Glutaryl-Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase, CoA Dehydrogenase, Glutaryl, Dehydrogenase, Glutaryl CoA, Dehydrogenase, Glutaryl-CoA, Dehydrogenase, Glutaryl-Coenzyme A, Glutaryl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase
Synonyms : Reduced Glutathione, gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly, gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteinylglycine, Glutathione, Reduced, gamma L Glu L Cys Gly, gamma L Glutamyl L Cysteinylglycine
Synonyms : Glutathione Disulfide, Ion(1-), Glutathione, Oxidized, Disulfide, Glutathione, Oxidized Glutathione
Synonyms : Glutathione Lipoperoxidase, Selenoglutathione Peroxidase, Lipoperoxidase, Glutathione, Peroxidase, Glutathione, Peroxidase, Selenoglutathione
Synonyms : Glutathione-Disulfide Reductase, Reductase, Glutathione, Reductase, Glutathione-Disulfide
| gluteal bursa |
one situated beneath the gluteus maximus muscle.
출처: www.merckmedicus.com/pp/us/hcp/thcp_dorlands_conte...
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| gluten |
a protein found in wheat that gives the characteristic crumb structure to bread.
출처: www.fao.org/docrep/V5380E/V5380E04.htm
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| gluten |
a protein in flower that gives structure to baked products.
출처: library.thinkquest.org/13799/html/glossary.html
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| glutathione |
The most abundant thiol-reducing agent in cells. GSH is a tripeptide that consists of glutamate, cysteine and glycine.
출처: www.nature.com/focus/neurodegen/glossary/
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| glutathione peroxidase |
An enzyme found in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, which acts in concert with GSH to reduce H 2 O 2 to H 2 O. During this process, GSH is oxidized to produce GSSG.
출처: www.nature.com/focus/neurodegen/glossary/
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