| AFA | acromegaloid facial syndrome; advanced first aid; alcohol-formaldehyde-acetic [fixative] |
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| AI | accidental injury; accidentally incurred; adiposity index; aggregation index; allergy and immunology... |
| 'Greek letter alpha' | angular acceleration; first [carbon atom next to the carbon atom bearing the active group in organic... |
| C1a | activated first component of complement |
| C1 INH | inhibitor of first component of complement |
| JCAHO | Joint Commission of Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations |
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| JCAHO | Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Health Care Organizations |
| JECFA | Joint FAO-WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives |
| JNC | Joint National Committee |
| JPEG | Joint Photographic Expert Group |
| carpometacarpal joint of thumb | The saddle-shaped synovial articulation between the trapezium and the base of the first metacarpal bone. Synonym: articulatio carpometacarpea pollicis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| cartilaginous joint | A joint in which the apposed bony surfaces are united by cartilage; they are divided into synchondroses and symphyses; in synchondroses, the cartilage connecting the apposed surfaces is, as a rule, ultimately converted to bone, as between epiphyses and diaphyses of long bones; exceptions are the sternal synchondroses and the cartilaginous union of the first rib and the manubrium of the sternum; in symphyses the bones are connected by a flat disk of fibrocartilage which remains unossified throughout life; e.g., the intervertebral disk and the symphysis pubis. Synonym: articulatio cartilaginis, cartilaginous articulation, junctura cartilaginea, synarthrodial joint. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ginglymoid joint | A uniaxial joint in which a broad, transversely cylindrical convexity on one bone fits into a corresponding concavity on the other, allowing of motion in one plane only, as in the elbow. Synonym: ginglymus, ginglymoid joint. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gliding joint | A synovial joint in which the opposing surfaces are nearly planes and in which there is only a slight, gliding motion, as in the intermetacarpal joints. Synonym: articulatio plana, arthrodia, arthrodial articulation, arthrodial joint, gliding joint. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial ligament of talocrural joint | <anatomy> Compound ligament consisting of four component ligaments which pass downward from the medial malleolus of the tibia to the tarsal bones: 1) tibionavicular ligament (pars tibionavicularis ), 2) tibiocalcaneal ligament (pars tibiocalcanea ), 3) anterior tibiotalar ligament (pars tibiotalaris anterior ), and 4) posterior tibiotalar ligament (pars tibiotalaris posterior ). Synonym: ligamentum mediale articulationis talocruralis, ligamentum deltoideum, medial ligament of talocrural joint. (05 Mar 2000) |
| median atlantoaxial joint | A pivot synovial joint between the dens of the axis and the ring formed by the anterior arch and the transverse ligament of the atlas. Synonym: articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana, Cruveilhier's joint, middle atlantoepistrophic joint. (05 Mar 2000) |
| peg-and-socket joint | <anatomy> A form of union or immovable articulation where a hard part is received into the cavity of a bone, as the teeth into the jaws. Origin: NL, fr. Gr, prop, a bolting together, fr. To fasten with bolts or nails, bolt, nail: cf. F. Gomphose. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| gompholic joint | <anatomy> A form of union or immovable articulation where a hard part is received into the cavity of a bone, as the teeth into the jaws. Origin: NL, fr. Gr, prop, a bolting together, fr. To fasten with bolts or nails, bolt, nail: cf. F. Gomphose. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| charcot's joint | A joint that is deprived of any pain or position sense due to severe osteoarthritis. May also occur as the result of tabes dorsalis, diabetic neuropathy, amyloidosis or leprosy. Often treated with surgical fusion. (27 Sep 1997) |
| rheumatoid arthritis: joint manifestations | <radiology> Early signs: fusiform periarticular soft tissue swelling (result of effusion), regional osteoporosis (disuse and local hyperaemia), widened joint space, marginal and central bone erosion (base of 4th proximal phalanx most common), change in ulnar styloid and distal radioulnar joint, atlantoaxial dislocation, giant synovial cysts late signs: flexion/extension contractures with ulnar subluxation/dislocation, destruction/fusion of joints, elevation of humeral heads (tear/atrophy of rotator cuff), resorption of distal clavicle, erosion of superior margins of posterior portions of 3-5th ribs, destruction/narrowing of disc spaces, destruction of zygapophyseal joints without osteophyte formation, resorption of spinous process, protrusio acetabuli (from osteoporosis) (12 Dec 1998) |
| metacarpophalangeal joint | The articulation between a metacarpal bone and a phalanx. (12 Dec 1998) |
| metatarsophalangeal joint | The articulation between a metatarsal bone and a phalanx. (12 Dec 1998) |
| petro-occipital joint | Fibrocartilage filling the petro-occipital fissure. Synonym: synchondrosis petro-occipitalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Chopart's joint | The synovial joints between the talus and navicular bone medially and the calcaneus and navicular bones laterally which act as a unit in allowing the front of the foot to pivot relative to the back of the foot about the longitudinal axis of the foot, contributing to the total inversion and eversion movements. Synonym: articulatio tarsi transversa, Chopart's joint, midtarsal joint, transverse tarsal articulation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rotary joint | A synovial joint in which a section of a cylinder of one bone fits into a corresponding cavity on the other, as in the proximal radioulnar joint. Synonym: articulatio trochoidea, helicoid ginglymus, lateral ginglymus, rotary joint, rotatory joint, trochoid articulation, trochoid joint. (05 Mar 2000) |