| intestinal epithelium | <pathology> The endodermally derived epithelium of the intestine varies considerably, but the absorptive epithelium of small intestine is usually implied. The apical surfaces of these cells have microvilli possibly to increase the absorptive surface, but probably also to provide a larger surface area for enzyme activity). The lateral sub apical regions have well developed junctional complexes. (10 Jan 1998) |
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| intestinal fistula | Abnormal passage communicating with the intestines. (12 Dec 1998) |
| intestinal flora | <microbiology> The various bacteria that normally live in the intestinal tract. Normal intestinal flora are important to aid in the breakdown of certain foods for absorption. (27 Sep 1997) |
| intestinal follicles | The tubular glands in the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines. Synonym: glandulae intestinales, Galeati's glands, intestinal follicles, Lieberkuhn's crypts, Lieberkuhn's follicles, Lieberkuhn's glands. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intestinal gas | The complaint referred to as intestinal gas is a common one and the discomfort can be quite significant. Everyone has gas and eliminates it by burping or passing it through the rectum. In many instances people think they have too much gas when in reality they have normal amounts. most people produce 1 to 3 pints of intestinal gas in 24 hours and pass gas an average of 14 times a day. It is made up primarily of odourless vapors such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and in some families, methane. The unpleasant odour is due to bacteria in the large intestine that release small amounts of gases containing sulfur. (12 Dec 1998) |
| intestinal glands | The tubular glands in the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines. Synonym: glandulae intestinales, Galeati's glands, intestinal follicles, Lieberkuhn's crypts, Lieberkuhn's follicles, Lieberkuhn's glands. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intestinal intoxication | A disorder resulting from absorption of the waste products of metabolism, decomposed matter from the intestine, or the products of dead and infected tissue as in gangrene. Synonym: autotoxicosis, endogenic toxicosis, enterotoxication, enterotoxism, intestinal intoxication, self-poisoning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intestinal juice | An alkaline straw-coloured fluid secreted by the intestinal glands; its enzymes (peptidases, saccharases, nucleases, lecithinases, phosphatases, lipases) complete the hydrolysis of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intestinal lipodystrophy | <gastroenterology> A rare disorder of intestinal malabsorption that occurs as the result of the intestine. Treatment is with antibiotics. (27 Sep 1997) |
| intestinal lymphangiectasia | <radiology> Sxs: diarrhoea, hypoproteinaemia, oedema (peripheral or abdominal), protein-losing enteropathy, small bowel: thickened jejunal folds, spiculation, fuzzy borders, Differential diagnosis: other causes of low-protein states ( cirrhosis, nephrosis), aetiology: obstruction of lymphatics in intestinal wall, often associated with underdevelopment of thoracic duct, diagnosis usually made before 5yrs, but occasionally in teens, treatment: medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), prognosis: some recover, some stay on MCT diet, others relapse (12 Dec 1998) |
| intestinal lymphangiectasis | Familial lymphangiectasis with intestinal loss of lymph causing lymphocytopenia and hypogammaglobulinaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intestinal malabsorption | <gastroenterology> The inadequate absorption of nutrients from the small intestine. This can result in loss of weight and abnormal appearing stools. Malabsorption can be caused by lesions of the small intestine, amyloidosis, lack of digestive enzymes (for example lactose intolerance) or bile salts or surgical operations. (10 Jan 1998) |
| intestinal metaplasia | The transformation of mucosa, particularly in the stomach, into glandular mucosa resembling that of the intestines, although usually lacking villi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intestinal mucosa | The innermost membrane of the four coats of the intestinal wall, the other three being the submucosa, muscular layers, and serosa. (berk et al., gastroenterology, 4th ed, v.3, p1479) (12 Dec 1998) |
| intestinal myiasis | Presence of larvae of certain dipterous insects in the gastrointestinal tract, as of Musca domestica (domestic housefly), the cheese mite, and Fannia canicularis (lesser housefly). (05 Mar 2000) |