| Papanicolaou's stain | <technique> A complex stain for detecting malignant cells in cervical smears. Contains in separate staining stages (a) haematoxylin, (b) Orange G phosphotungstic acid c) Light green, Bismarck Brown, Eosin and phosphotungstic acid. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| Papanicolaou stain | <technique> A multichromatic stain used principally on exfoliated cytologic specimens and based on aqueous haematoxylin with multiple counterstaining dyes in 95% ethyl alcohol, giving great transparency and delicacy of detail; important in cancer screening, especially of gynecologic smears. (05 Mar 2000) |
| G-banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Pappenheim's stain | <technique> A method for differentiating tubercle and smegma bacilli; the preparation is stained with hot carbol-fuchsin solution, then treated with an alcoholic solution of rosolic acid and methylene blue to which glycerin is added; tubercle bacilli are stained bright red, but smegma bacilli are decolorised. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paracarmine stain | <technique> A staining fluid consisting of a solution of calcium chloride and carminic acid in 75% alcohol. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mann's methyl blue-eosin stain | <technique> A stain useful for anterior pituitary and viral inclusion bodies; a mixture of the two dyes stains alpha cell granules red, beta cell granules dark blue, chromophobes gray to pink, colloid red, erythrocytes orange-red, and collagen fibres blue; this method is also useful for enterochromaffin, goblet, Paneth, and pancreatic islet cells; Negri bodies appear red while their nuclei and central granules are blue. (05 Mar 2000) |
| R-banding stain | <technique> A reverse Giemsa chromosome banding method that produces bands complementary to G-bands; induced by treatment with high temperature, low pH, or acridine orange staining; often used together with G-banding on human karyotype to determine whether there are deletions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Marchi's stain | <technique> A staining method in which the specimen is hardened for 8 to 10 days in a modified Muller's fixative, followed by immersion for 1 to 3 weeks in the same with the addition of osmic acid; fat and degenerating nerve fibres stain black. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Verhoeff's elastic tissue stain | <technique> A stain for tissue sections in which a mixture of haematoxylin, ferric chloride, and Lugol's iodine solution is used; tissue may be counterstained, if desired, with eosin or van Gieson's stain; elastic fibres and nuclei appear blue-black to black while collagen and other components are shades of pink to red. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Masson-Fontana ammoniacal silver stain | <technique> A stain used to demonstrate melanin and argentaffin granules. Synonym: Fontana-Masson silver stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Masson's argentaffin stain | <technique> A stain used to stain enterochromaffin granules brown-black. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Masson's trichrome stain | <technique> Original composition for multicolored tissue preparations included Ponceau de xylidine, acid fuchsin, iron alum haematoxylin, and either aniline blue or fast green FCF; chromatin stains black, cytoplasm is in shades of red, granules of eosinophils and mast cells are deep red, erythrocytes are black, elastic fibres are red, and collagen fibres and mucus are dark blue (aniline blue) or green (fast green FCF); modifications substitute other dyes, such as Biebrich scarlet red and wool green stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Giemsa chromosome banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Giemsa stain | <technique> Compound of methylene blue-eosin and methylene blue used for demonstrating Negri bodies, Tunga species, spirochetes and protozoans, and differential staining of blood smears; also used for chromosomes, sometimes after hydrolyzing the cytologic preparation in hot hydrochloric acid, and for showing chromosome G bands; often used in glycerol-methanol buffer solution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Maximow's stain | <technique> For bone marrow, an alum-haematoxylin and azure II-eosin stain used to distinguish granulated leukocytes, mast cells, and cartilage. (05 Mar 2000) |