| mixed lymphocyte culture test | Measure of histocompatibility at the hl-a locus. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from two individuals are mixed together in tissue culture for several days. Lymphocytes from incompatible individuals will stimulate each other to proliferate significantly (measured by tritiated thymidine uptake) whereas those from compatible individuals will not. In the one-way mlc test, the lymphocytes from one of the individuals are inactivated (usually by treatment with mitomycin c or radiation) thereby allowing only the untreated remaining population of cells to proliferate in response to foreign histocompatibility antigens. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| mixed lymphocyte reaction | <haematology, immunology, investigation> Reaction of mitogenesis produced in T lymphocytes when allogeneic (i.e. Mixed) lymphocytes are brought together, provided they are mismatched in histocompatibility loci. Once used as a test for possible graft compatibility in human grafting. Now known that a negative reaction is a poor predictor of graft acceptance. (18 Nov 1997) |
| pre-B lymphocyte | An early B-lymphoid type cell that is recognised by immunofluorescence as a u-positive, L-chain-negative bone marrow cell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytotoxic t-lymphocyte | A type of CD8 or, less often, CD4 lymphocyte that kills diseased cells infected by a specific virus or other intracellular microbe. CTLs interact with MHC class I receptors (see Major Histocompatibility Complex). On infected cells and have the prime role in cellmediated immunity (see). Cytovene: See: Ganciclovir. (09 Oct 1997) |
| cytotoxic T lymphocyte-specific serine protease | <enzyme> Structural sequence given in first source Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- Synonym: cytotoxic t lymphocyte-specific serine protease ccp I, cytotoxic t lymphocyte specific serine protease ccp II, mast cell protease type II (26 Jun 1999) |
| helper t lymphocyte | <haematology, immunology> A type of white blood cell produced by the thymus gland whose presence is necessary for normal levels of antibodies to be produced by B lymphocytes, both in the body (in vivo) and in experimental situations (in vitro). (09 Oct 1997) |
| human lymphocyte antigen | A system designation for the gene products of at least four linked loci (A, B, C, and D) and a member of subloci on the sixth human chromosome which have been shown to have a strong influence on human allotransplantation, transfusions in refractory patients, and certain disease associations; more than 50 alleles are recognised, most of which are at loci HLA-A and HLA-B; autosomal dominant inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| subacute lymphocyte thyroiditis | A subacute variant of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| t4 helper lymphocyte | A specific type of lymphocyte, derived from the thymus gland, that plays an important role in cellular immunity. T4 lymphocytes (CD4 cells) are decreased (absolute counts less than 200) in patients with AIDS resulting in compromised immune function. (27 Sep 1997) |
| T lymphocyte | <haematology, immunology> A class of lymphocytes, so called because they are derived from the thymus and have been through thymic processing. Involved primarily in controlling cell-mediated immune reactions and in the control of B-cell development, aiding B lymphocytes in making antibodies, and helping in the recognition and rejection of foreign tissues. T lymphocytes are also important in the bodys defense against cancer. They bear T-cell antigen receptors (CD3) and lack Fc or C3b receptors. Major T-cell subsets are CD4 (mainly helper cells) and CD8 (mostly cytotoxic or suppressor T-cells). Uncontrolled proliferation of this type of cell gives rise to T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. (13 Nov 1997) |
| t-lymphocyte | A white blood cell made in the thymus gland, a lymphoid structure in the upper chest. T lymphocytes are also called T-cells. (the t in T-cell stands for thymus). These cells coordinate the immune system by secreting lymphokine hormones. There are 3 fundamentally different types of t lymphocytes : helper, killer, and suppressor. (12 Dec 1998) |
| t-lymphocyte subsets | A classification of T-lymphocytes, especially into helper/inducer, suppressor/effector, and cytotoxic subsets, based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| transformed lymphocyte | See: lymphocyte transformation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epitopes, b-lymphocyte | Antigenic determinants recognised and bound by the B-cell receptor. Epitopes recognised by the B-cell receptor are located on the surface of the antigen. (12 Dec 1998) |
| epitopes, t-lymphocyte | Antigenic determinants recognised and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognised by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen. (12 Dec 1998) |